Effects of deoxynivalenol-contaminated diet on performance and blood parameters in growing swine

Rotter, B. A.; Thompson, B. K.; Lessard, Martin

doi:10.4141/cjas95-046

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Vesonder et al (1973) first identified DON as the mycotoxin responsible for anorexia and emesis in swine consuming Fusarium-contaminated corn. Since then, several investigators have examined the relationship between the level of DON in the diet and the resultant impact on feed intake in swine (Young et al 1983;Cote et al, 1985;Pollman et al 1985;Chavez and Rheaume 1986;Friend et al 1986a,b;Rotter et al 1995;Smith et al 1997). In general, these groups found a reduction of 4-8% in feed intake, relative to DON-free controls, for every 1 ppm of DON.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of the final diets confirmed the absence of DON in the 0 ppm diet and the final DON levels in the treatment diets. Feed samples were also assayed for DON, 3 acetyl-DON and 15-acetyl-DON by electron-capture gas chromatography of the trimethylsilyl ether derivative (Scott et al 1989;Tacke and Casper 1996). The results indicated no 3-acetyl-DON or 15-acetyl-DON levels above the limits of detection of the assay (0.10 and 0.12 ppm, respectively).…”

Section: Animals and Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley

House¹,

Abramson²,

Crow³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2002. Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82: 559-565. The ubiquitous nature of deoxynivalenol (DON) in the eastern prairie region of Canada necessitates the development of strategies to enhance the utilization of affected grains by swine producers. To this end, an experiment was designed to determined the impact of low levels of DON on feed intake and growth of swine. 144 Cotswold pigs (initial weight = 23.4 kg ± 0.3 SE) were assigned to receive diets containing either 0, 1 or 2 ppm DON in the final feed (four pens, each containing six barrows and six gilts, per treatment). The final DON contents of the diets were derived by diluting DON-contaminated barley (DON = 4.9 ppm) with DONfree barley. Diets were formulated to provide a minimum of 13.4 MJ kg -1 digestible energy (DE) and 0.81% total lysine, and the same diets were used throughout the grow-finish period. Feed intake (per pen basis; kg d -1 ), body weight gains (kg d -1 ) and feed conversion were measured on a weekly basis. Pigs were slaughtered at approximately 110 kg and indices of carcass merit collected. The presence of 2 ppm DON depressed feed intake by 7.6% (P < 0.05) relative to 0 ppm DON controls, with pigs consuming the 1 ppm DON diet having intermediate levels of feed depression. However there was no significant effect of DON on average daily gain or feed conversion at any stage of the experiment, The presence of DON in the diet increased the proportion of animals reaching 110 kg, estimated from individual regression curves, at times greater than the median value (169.5 d; chi-squared analysis P < 0.05), in gilts, but was without effect on barrows (median = 158.2 d). Measures of carcass weight, index, backfat thickness, and depth of lean over the loin were not affected (P > 0.05) by the presence of DON in the diet, irrespective of gender, however there was significant linear effect of DON (P < 0.05) on the loin premiums received, with higher values realized with increasing DON content in the diet. The current data provide evidence that grains containing DON could be used in the diets of barrows to provide 2 ppm in the final feed however, caution is required when considering their utilization for gilts. 559-565. L'omniprésence du désoxynivalénol (DON) dans l'est des Prairies canadiennes exige l'élaboration de stratégies que aboutiront à une meilleure utilisation du grain contaminé dans les porcheries. Les auteurs ont effectué une expérience afin de véri-fier l'incidence d'une faible concentration de DON sur la prise alimentaire et la croissance des porcs. Ils ont réparti 144 porcs Cotswold (poids initial de 23,4 kg ± 0,3 E. -T.) en plusieurs groupes à que on a servi une ration contenant 0, 1, ou 2 ppm de DON (4 enclos de 6 castrats et 6 truies nullipares par traitement). La teneur finale en DON dans la ration a été obtenue par dilution d'orge contaminée (4,9 ppm de DON) avec de l'orge sans DON. Les rations ont été prépa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals and Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley

House¹,

Abramson²,

Crow³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Pair-feeding studies with pigs indicate that at the lower dose ranges, the effects of DON on growth may be explained entirely by the effects on voluntary feed intake (Rotter et al, 1995). However, Prelusky (1997) concluded that at relatively high dietary concentrations of DON (above 9 mg/kg), the deleterious effects on weight gain may not be fully explained by the Bergsjo et al (1992), Friend et al (1992), Bergsjo et al (1993), Prelusky et al (1994b), Trenholm et al (1994), and Rotter et al (1995).…”

Section: Feed Refusal Emesis and Anorexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium mycotoxins: a review of global implications for animal health, welfare and productivity

D’Mello

Placinta

Macdonald

1999

Animal Feed Science and Technology

554

305

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Trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins are the major Fusarium mycotoxins occurring on a worldwide basis in cereal grains, animal feeds and forages. Other important Fusarium mycotoxins include moniliformin and fusaric acid. Spontaneous outbreaks of Fusarium mycotoxicoses have been recorded in Europe, Asia, New Zealand and South America and, in addition, chronic exposure occurs on a regular and more widespread scale. The metabolism and adverse effects of the Fusarium mycotoxins are considered in this review with particular reference to recent data on specific and proposed syndromes and to interactions among co-occurring mycotoxins. Within the trichothecene group, deoxynivalenol (DON) is associated with emesis, feed refusal and depressed feed intake in pigs, while T-2 toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) are now clearly linked with oral lesions in poultry. The gut microflora of farm livestock are able to transform DON to a de-epoxy derivative. In contrast, the ovine metabolism of ZEN results in the production of five metabolites and relatively high levels of these forms may be excreted in the urine as glucuronides. There is now undisputed evidence that ZEN and its metabolites possess estrogenic activity in pigs, cattle and sheep, but T-2 toxin has also been implicated in reproductive disorders in farm livestock. Fumonisins are positively linked with pulmonary edema in pigs, leukoencephalomalacia in equines and with deranged sphingolipid metabolism in these animals. Fusarium mycotoxins have also been provisionally implicated in ovine ill-thrift, acute mortality of poultry and in duodenitis/proximal jejunitis of horses. Several Fusarium mycotoxins may co-occur in a particular feed ingredient or in compound feedingstuffs. In general, combinations of Fusarium 50 , median lethal dose; LH, luteinizing hormone; Sa, sphinganine; So, sphingosine; ELEM, equine leukoencephalomalacia; DPJ, duodenitis/proximal jejunitis; PPE, porcine pulmonary edema 0377-8401/99/$ ± see front matter # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 7 7 -8 4 0 1 ( 9 9 ) 0 0 0 5 9 -0 mycotoxins result in additive effects, but synergistic and/or potentiating interactions have been observed and are of greater concern in livestock health and productivity. Synergistic effects have been reported between DON and fusaric acid; DON and fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ); and DAS and the Aspergillus-derived aflatoxins. Limited evidence of potentiation between FB 1 and DON or T-2 toxin has also emerged recently. Additive and synergistic effects between known and unidentified mycotoxins may account for enhanced adverse effects observed on feeding Fusarium-contaminated diets. The potential for transmission of DON into eggs and of ZEN into porcine kidney and liver has been demonstrated. However, lactational carry-over of FB 1 appears not to occur, at least in cows and sows. It is concluded that livestock health, welfare and productivity may be severely compromised by consumption of DON, T-2 toxin, DAS, ZEN and fumonisins and by interactions am...

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“…Deoxynivalenol, also known as vomitoxin, generally damages the digestive system of pigs causing vomiting or feed refusal (Trenholm et al, 1994) while ZON disturbs the reproductive system of female pigs and consequently reduces sow performance (Döll et al, 2003;Papatsiros, 2012). Some studies carried out the experiments using corn (Young et al, 1981;Rotter et al, 1995) or wheat (Friend et al, 1983;Waché et al, 2009) Science Publications AJAVS as a natural source of mycotoxin. However, there is limited information on the effects of DON and ZON in corn co-products contaminated by Fusarium fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF NATURALLY PRODUCED DIETARY <i>FUSARIUM</i> MYCOTOXINS ON WEANING PIGS

Shin

Kong

Kim³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Mycotoxins reduce animal productivity and animal health. The influence of Fusarium mycotoxins in corn co-products on pig performance is an important issue in swine feed industry. This study was conducted to determine the effects of naturally produced Fusarium mycotoxins in Corn Gluten Meal (CGM) on growth performance of nursery pigs. A total 96 weaning pigs comprising 48 gilts and 48 barrows with an initial body weight of 5.08 kg (SD = 1.28) were grouped into 3 blocks in each sex by initial body weight and randomly allotted to 4 treatments in a randomized complete block design. There were 6 replicate pens per treatment and 4 pigs were housed in each pen. The 4 experimental diets mainly based on corn, CGM, dried whey and soybean meal were formulated to contain 4 concentrations of mycotoxins derived from the contaminated CGM. Diet 1 contained 32 µg kg −1 Deoxynivalenol (DON) and 6 µg kg During the overall experimental period, both ADG and ADFI linearly depressed with increasing concentration of mycotoxins (p<0.05).In conclusion, the current study showed that dietary Fusarium mycotoxins derived from contaminated CGM by Fusarium fungi resulted in decreased growth performance of nursery pigs. Swine nutritionists may increase nutrient concentrations of diets to partially overcome the negeative effects of Fusarium mycotoxins in corn co-products on feed intake of pigs.

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Effects of deoxynivalenol-contaminated diet on performance and blood parameters in growing swine

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley

Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley

Fusarium mycotoxins: a review of global implications for animal health, welfare and productivity

EFFECTS OF NATURALLY PRODUCED DIETARY <i>FUSARIUM</i> MYCOTOXINS ON WEANING PIGS

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