Effects of diet and castration on fatty acid composition and volatile compounds in the meat of Korean native black goats

Abstract

Objective: This study determined the effects of dietary treatments and castration on meat quality, fatty acids (FAs) profiles, and volatile compounds in Korean native black goats (KNBG, Capra hircus coreanae), including the relationship between the population of rumen microbiomes and meat FA profiles.Methods: Twenty-four KNBG (48.6 ± 1.4 kg) were randomly allocated to one of four treatments arranged into a 2 × 2 factorial structure. The factors were dietary forage to concentrate ratio (high forage [HF, 80:20] and low forage [LF, 20:80]), and a castration treatment (castration [CA] vs. non-castration [NCA]).Results: Among meat quality traits, the CA group exhibited a higher percentage of crude fat and water holding capacity (P < 0.05). The profiles of the saturated fatty acid (SFA) in meat sample derived from CA KNBG showed a significantly lower percentage compared to NCA individuals, due to the lower proportion of C14:0 and C18:0. Feeding a high-forage diet to KNBG increased the formation of C18:1n7, C18:3n3, C20:1n9, C22:4n6 in meat, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profiles (P < 0.05). Consequently, the n6:n3 ratio declined (P < 0.05). There was an interaction between dietary treatment and castration for formation of C20:5n3 (P < 0.05), while C18:1n9, C22:6n3, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and the MUFA:SFA ratio were influenced by both diet and castration (P < 0.05). Nine volatile compounds were identified and were strongly influenced by both dietary treatments, castration (P < 0.05), and their interaction. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinctly different odor patterns in the NCA goats fed LF diets. Spearman correlation analysis showed a high correlation between rumen bacteria and meat PUFAs.Conclusion: These results suggest the essential effects of the rumen microbial population for the synthesis of meat FAs and volatile compounds in KNBG meat, where dietary intake and A c c e p t e d A r t i c l e 4 castration also contribute substantially.

High-Energy Supplemental Feeding Shifts Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)

“…Previous research has indicated that Intestinimonas abundance significantly reduces with increases in obesity [64]. Further, Intestinimonas is associated with butyrate production [65] and with the biohydrogenation and utilization of volatile fatty acids in the rumen [66]. Lawsonibacter is also involved in the production of butyrate [67], which is associated with preventing colitis and colorectal cancer [68,69].…”

The Effects of Protected Feed Supplements on Estrus Response, Milk Production and Composition of Sapera Dairy Goats

“…It is a modest technical strategy to enhance animal performance, increase the amount of nutrients accessible in the rumen, and produce byproducts that are friendlier to the environment (Barido et al, 2021). Numerous investigations (Barido et al, 2021;Lee et al, 2023) have described pre-treatment employing coating materials to slow the pace at which vital nutrition degrades. The effects of PSG and PEM supplementations in the diet on milk production and composition.…”