Effects of dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio and amylase on growth performance, energy and starch digestibility, and digestive enzymes in broilers

Ma, Jie; Yang, Tai Li; Yang, Mei; Yan, Zhaoming; Lei, Zhao; Yao, Linglong; Chen, Jiashun; Chen, Qinghua; Tan, Bin; Li, Tiejun; Yin, Jie; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1111/jpn.13338

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The activity of digestive enzymes is an important factor affecting growth performance [34] yet the current results showed no influence of adding AT, BA, AL-L, AL-H or BA+AL-H on the jejunal mucosal activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin or amylase. Similarly, the jejunal trypsin, amylase or lipase were not altered significantly by acidifier [4].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…As for the addition of AL, Jiang et al found that 750 and 2250 mg/kg AL significantly increased the activities of intestinal AL, protease and trpsin [ 35 ]. Ma et al observed that dietary amylase (3000 and 6000 U/kg) could significantly increase AL activity compared with non-amylase diets [ 34 ]. Therefore, as far as we are concerned, the data on the endogenous digestive enzymes may differ from the dosage and activity of exogenous AL used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Effects of Acidifier and Amylase as Substitutes for Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestion and Gut Microbiota in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

Wang¹,

Wang

Lin³

et al. 2020

Animals

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of acidifier (benzoic acid, BA), amylase (AL) and their combination as substitutes for antibiotics on growth performance, antioxidation, nutrient digestion and gut microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 1440 twenty-one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to six treatments. Broilers in the control group (CON) were fed a basal diet, whereas birds in the other five groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotic (zinc bacitracin, AT, 40 mg/kg), BA (2000 mg/kg), low level AL (AL-L, 300 mg/kg), high level AL (AL-H, 500 mg/kg) and the combination of AL-H and BA (BA+AL-H). The experimental animals were killed at the end of the trial (21 day-63 day) then blood samples were collected from two birds per pen. Bird weight, feed intake and survival rate were recorded on pen basis. Growth performance was not significantly influenced by AT, BA, AL-L, AL-H or BA+AL-H. Plasma uric acid (UA) was decreased from CON by all treatments; the activity of AKP in plasma was also lowered by AT, BA, AL-H and BA+AL-H. Plasma activity of LDH was reduced by BA. In the jejunal mucosa, Na+K+-ATP activity was increased by BA, AL-L, AL-H and BA+AL-H. Mucosal activities of T-AOC and CAT were increased with AL-L and AT supplementation, respectively. Additionally, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the cecal contents was reduced by BA+AL-H and, with the exception of AL-H, all treatments increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. In conclusion, dietary AT, BA, AL-L, AL-H or BA+AL were effective in improving the antioxidant capacity, nutrient digestion and gut microbiota composition. No significant differences were observed in the tested variables between AT and other treatments, indicating that BA, AL and their combination may be alternatives to dietary inclusion of zinc bacitracin. Dietary addition of 500 mg/kg AL and 2000 mg/kg BA was an optimum supplementation dose.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Effects of Acidifier and Amylase as Substitutes for Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestion and Gut Microbiota in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

Wang¹,

Wang

Lin³

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…This study showed that when ducks were fed high amylose-corn diets, they tend to have lower TME than those fed low amylose corn. In addition, Ma et al. (2020) reported that AM:AP higher than 0.35 reduced starch digestibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, high drying temperatures may promote the occurrence of Maillard reactions ( Žilić et al., 2013 ), leading to poor digestibility of some essential amino acids, especially lysine ( Wall and Donaldson, 1975 ; Rutherfurd et al., 1997 ; Odjo et al., 2015 ), cysteine, tyrosine, and threonine ( Kaczmarek et al., 2014a ). Endosperm hardness may play an important role in animal responses due to variations in starch structure, the content of resistant and damaged starch, amylose and amylopectin ratio, and the physical fragmentation properties during grinding that can influence feed traits, gut development and morphology, and ingestion behavior ( Kaczmarek et al., 2014a ; Córdova-Noboa et al., 2021 ; Ma et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn kernel hardness, drying temperature and amylase supplementation affect live performance and nutrient utilization of broilers

et al. 2021

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Drying temperature ( DT ) of corn can influence its nutritional quality, but whether this is influenced by endosperm hardness is not clear. Two parallel experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of 2 yellow dent corn hybrids with average and hard kernel hardness, dried at 3 temperatures (35, 80, and 120°C), and 2 supplementation levels of an exogenous amylase (0, 133 g/ton of feed) on live performance, starch and protein digestibility, and energy utilization of Ross 708 male broilers. Twelve dietary treatments consisting of a 2 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement were evaluated using 3-way ANOVA in a randomized complete block design. In Experiment 1, a total of 1,920 male-chicks were randomly allocated to 96 floor pens, whereas 480 day-old chicks were distributed among 96 cages for Experiment 2. At 40 d, interaction effects ( P < 0.05) were detected on BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity. Supplementation with exogenous amylase resulted in heavier broilers, better FCR and flock uniformity, only in the diets based on corn dried at 35°C. Additionally, interaction effects were observed on FCR due to kernel hardness and DT ( P < 0.01), kernel hardness and amylase supplementation ( P < 0.001), and DT and amylase supplementation ( P < 0.05). Exogenous amylase addition to the diets based on corn with an average hardness improved FCR up to 2 points (1.49 vs. 1.51 g:g) whereas there was no effect of amylase on FCR of broilers fed diets based on corn with hard endosperm. Total tract retention of starch was increased ( P < 0.05) in broilers fed diets based on corn with average kernel hardness compared to hard kernel. Corn dried at 80 and 120°C had up to 1.21% points less starch total tract retention than the one dried at 35°C. Supplementing alpha-amylase resulted in beneficial effects for broiler live performance, energy utilization, and starch total tract digestibility results. Treatment effects on starch characteristics were explored. Corn endosperm hardness, DT and exogenous amylase can influence the live performance of broilers. However, these factors are not independent and so must be manipulated strategically to improve broiler performance.

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“…The starch content may also be one of the factors affecting the digestibility. The starch source and amylose/pullulan ratio all affect the digestibility of starch and other nutrients in animals [ 46 ]. Starches from different grains also respond differently to enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

Zhang

Zhong

Gao

et al. 2020

Animals

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of optimal carbohydrase mixture (OCM) on macronutrients and amino acid digestibility and the digestible energy (DE) in growing pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based diet (CSM) and the wheat-soybean meal-based diet (WSM). A total of 36 ileal-cannulated pigs (50.9 ± 4.9 kg initial body weight) were allotted to four dietary treatments randomly, which included CSM and WSM diets, and two diets supplied with corresponding OCM. These OCMs were screened using an in vitro method from our previous study. After the five day adaptation period, fecal samples were collected from d six to seven, and ileal digesta samples were collected on d 8 and 10. Chromic oxide was added as an indigestible marker. The results show that the addition of OCM improved the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), ash, carbohydrate (CHO), neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy (GE) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, CHO, and GE in CSM diet (p < 0.05), but reduced the apparent hindgut disappearance (AHD) of DM in CSM diet (p < 0.05). The ATTD of DM, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, and GE and the AHD of DM, CP, EE, ash, CHO, and GE in WSM diet were improved by the OCM addition (p < 0.05), whereas the AID of DM, CP, ash, CHO, and GE were decreased (p < 0.05). The respective DE contents in CSM and WSM diets were increased from 15.45 to 15.74 MJ/kg and 15.03 to 15.49 MJ/kg under the effects of OCM (p < 0.05). Similar to the trend of AID of CP, the OCM addition increased the AID and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of Ile, Thr, and Cys in CSM diet, but decreased the AID and SID of Ile, Phe, Thr, Val, Ala, Pro, Ser, and Tyr in WSM diet. In conclusion, the OCMs screened by an in vitro method could improve the total tract nutrient digestibility and DE for pigs fed corn-based diet or wheat-based diet but had inconsistent effects on the ileal digestibility of nutrients and energy.

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Effects of dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio and amylase on growth performance, energy and starch digestibility, and digestive enzymes in broilers

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Potential Effects of Acidifier and Amylase as Substitutes for Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestion and Gut Microbiota in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

Potential Effects of Acidifier and Amylase as Substitutes for Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestion and Gut Microbiota in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

Corn kernel hardness, drying temperature and amylase supplementation affect live performance and nutrient utilization of broilers

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

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