Effects of dietary cation-anion balance on acid base balance and blood parameters in anaerobically exercised horses

Popplewell, J.C.; Topliff, D.R.; Freeman, D.W.; Breazile, James E.

doi:10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81524-8

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A post-feeding acidosis has been demonstrated previously; however, the results of the present study suggest that the time of day should be considered when interpreting equine feed studies. Stutz et al (1992) 7 [18][19][20], these were designed to determine the chronic effect of varying the DCAB on pH, and thus did not emphasize or discuss the significance of the acute [H þ ] responses to meal consumption. However, it appears that, although the chronic feeding of a low versus high DCAD diet resulted in a chronically higher plasma [H þ ], acutely the feeding of both low and high DCAD diets initially results in similar changes in…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclical plasma electrolyte and acid–base responses to meal feeding in horses over a 24-h period

Waller

Smithurst

Ecker

et al. 2005

Equine Comp. Exerc. Physiol.

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I Lindinger (2005). Cyclical plasma electrolyte and acid-base responses to meal feeding in horses over a 24-h period. Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology, 2, pp 159-169 AbstractThe present study used the physicochemical approach to characterize the changes in plasma electrolyte and acidbase states that occur in horses in response to feeding. Jugular venous blood was sampled every 0.5-2 h over a 24h period from two groups (n ¼ 4 and n ¼ 5) of Standardbreds fed a mixed hay and grain ration at 8 am and 7 pm. One group of horses was studied in October, and one in December. The time course and magnitude of feeding responses differed between groups, and between the morning and evening meals. Feeding-induced changes in plasma electrolyte and acid-base variables occurred rapidly, within the first 1-3 h of meal consumption. The plasma acidosis associated with eating the meal was marked by increased plasma [H þ ] and decreased TCO 2 . The primary contributors to the increases in plasma [H þ ] were the decrease in the plasma concentration of strong ions ([SID]) and the pCO 2 . The increase in plasma total weak acid (protein) concentration ([A tot ]) post-feeding had only a minor effect on the acid-base state. The feeding-induced acidosis abated 3-6 h after the meal, showing cyclical recovery of physicochemical variables that contributed to the acid-base disturbance. It is concluded that several key plasma electrolyte and acid-base parameters undergo significant, cyclical fluctuations in response to feeding in horses.

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Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclical plasma electrolyte and acid–base responses to meal feeding in horses over a 24-h period

Waller

Smithurst

Ecker

et al. 2005

Equine Comp. Exerc. Physiol.

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“…A correct manipulation of acid-base balance may permit effective dietary prevention of stress fractures in race horses. The dietary cation-anion difference needs to be carefully considered when formulating rations to meet the Ca requirements.A correct adjustment of the acid-base balance by dietary means may also be beneficial to horse performance [72,86,87]. …”

Section: Nutrition and Acid-base Status In Athletic Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal nutrition and acid-base balance

Riond¹

2001

European Journal of Nutrition

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In domestic animals, acid-base balance may be influenced by nutrition. The major research effort in this area has been made on the prevention of hypocalcemic postparturient paresis in dairy cows. This disorder is caused by the sudden increase of calcium secretion into the colostrum. The manipulation of the dietary cation-anion difference makes it possible to maintain the cows in metabolic acidosis during the critical period that precedes calving, presumably via a mechanism that involves the strong ion difference in the extracellular fluid. As a consequence the mobilization of calcium is enhanced and the incidence of the disorder is decreased. Conversely, a dietary induced metabolic alkalosis leads to a more severe degree of hypocalcemia and the incidence of the disease is increased. The underlying mechanisms of the prevention are only partially understood. Nevertheless, this preventive method is already widely applied in practice. Nutrition effects on acid-base balance also influence growth and food intake in higher vertebrates and fish. As a consequence, the incidence of developmental orthopedic diseases in fast-growing domestic animal species may be affected. Also, the bone mineral content of athletic horses may be influenced by dietary induced modification of the acid-base status. The mineral loss due to metabolic acidosis may lead to an increase in the incidence of stress fractures. This overview should give insight into relevant aspects of nutrition and acid-base balance in domestic animal species.

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“…Diets high in cations may then be able to increase the ability of the animal to guard against the decrease in pH accompanying lactic acid accumulation relative to diets with a more anionic nature. Resting horses consuming a highly anionic diet had lower urine pH, blood pH, pC0, and [HCO,] compared to animals on higher DCAB diets (Baker et al 1993;Stutz et al 1992;Popplewell et al 1993). Horses consuming a highly anion diet may therefore experience metabolic acidosis.…”

Section: W a T E R A N D E L E C T R O L Y T E Smentioning

confidence: 99%