Effects of dietary fat inclusion at two energy levels on reproductive performance, milk compositions and blood profiles in lactating sows

Park, M. S.; Yang, Yuxin; Choi, Jong-Young; Yoon, Se Young; Ahn, Sangjin; Lee, S. H.; Yang, Boo‐Keun; Lee, J. K.; Chae, B. J.

doi:10.1080/09064700802400803

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…() and Park et al. () suggest that isocaloric substitution of the energy source in the diet with a fat source throughout lactation may actually aggravate the negative energy balance by increasing milk output and mobilization of body reserves. Van den Brand et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre‐Weaning Energy Substitutions on Post‐Weaning Follicle Development, Steroid Hormones and Subsequent Litter Size in Primiparous Sows

Chen

Stott

Bouwman

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The present study investigated the effects of pre-weaning energy substitutions on follicular development, endocrine characteristics and subsequent litter size in primiparous sows. Sows were fed a standard lactation diet (14.1 DE MJ/kg) and then allocated to a Control (C, n = 24), Fat (F, n = 23), Sugar (S, n = 23) or post-weaning Regumate (positive control; R, n = 22) treatment at 9 days before weaning of the C, F and S treatments. During the treatment period (8 days), 1 kg of the lactation diet was substituted with 1 kg of a fat-rich (F, 23.85 DE MJ/kg) or sugar-rich (S, 15.75 DE MJ/kg) substitution for F and S sows, respectively. For the R treatment, sows were weaned 8 days earlier than other treatments and fed a lactation diet at 3.5 kg with two doses of altrenogest as topdressing from 1 day before weaning until the day on which the other sows were weaned. The F treatment aimed to increase energy intake, and the S treatment aimed to elevate post-prandial glucose and insulin concentrations. Weaning-to-ovulation interval tended to be reduced in the S treatment compared with C (p = 0.06) and F (p = 0.08) treatments. Body weight (BW) loss during the treatment period, post-weaning follicle development, plasma oestradiol and pre-weaning leptin did not differ among C, F and S sows, although BW loss was lower and leptin was higher in the R treatment. Post-ovulatory progesterone concentration in the S treatment was higher (p < 0.05). Sows in the S and R treatments had a greater proportion of litters with larger litter sizes (p < 0.05). The outcome suggests that increasing circulating insulin and glucose concentrations during late lactation or a week of metabolic recovery positively improves subsequent litter size in primiparous sows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre‐Weaning Energy Substitutions on Post‐Weaning Follicle Development, Steroid Hormones and Subsequent Litter Size in Primiparous Sows

Chen

Stott

Bouwman

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…5 Total MUFA-monounsaturated fatty acids. 6 Total PUFA-polyunsaturated fatty acids. 7 Total n-3 PUFA-omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Colostrum and Milk Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the energy density in the lactation diet should help increase energy intake during lactation to better match the demand of the suckling litter whilst minimising catabolism of maternal body reserves. Park et al [6] found that a high energy diet (14.7 MJ/kg DE) in lactation reduced sow body weight and back-fat loss and increased piglet growth to weaning compared to a low energy diet (14.2 MJ/kg DE). Craig et al [7] also reported an increase in litter average daily gain when a high energy diet (15.8 MJ/kg DE) was offered compared to a 'normal' diet (15.2 MJ/kg DE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Oil Type and Energy Intake in Lactating Sows on the Fatty Acid Profile of Colostrum and Milk, and Piglet Growth to Weaning

Lavery

Lawlor

Miller

et al. 2019

Animals

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This study investigated the effect of salmon oil in lactating sow diets and offering these diets in a phased dietary regimen to increase the energy density of the diet in late lactation. Sow and piglet productivity to weaning, the fatty acid profile of milk, piglet blood and tissues at weaning were the main parameters measured. Multiparous sows (n = 100) (Landrace × Large White) were offered dietary treatments from day 105 of gestation until weaning. Dietary treatments (2 × 2 factorial) included oil type (soya or salmon oil) and dietary regimen (Flat 14.5 MJ/kg DE diet offered until weaning or Phased 14.5 MJ/kg DE diet offered to day 14 of lactation then a second diet containing 15.5 MJ/kg DE offered from day 15 until weaning). Salmon oil inclusion increased the total proportion of n-3 fatty acids in colostrum (p < 0.001), milk (p < 0.001), piglet plasma (p < 0.01), adipose (p < 0.001), liver (p < 0.001) and muscle (p < 0.001). Increasing sow dietary energy level in late lactation increased the total n-3 fatty acids in milk (p < 0.001), piglet adipose (p < 0.01) and piglet muscle (p < 0.05). However, piglet growth to weaning did not improve.

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“…However, feed intake decreases as the dietary energy concentration increases [3-5] and as a result, total lysine intake may decline as the energy concentration of the diet increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

Xue

Piao

et al. 2012

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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A total of 335 lactating sows (Landrace × Large White) were used in two experiments to determine the optimum ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID-Lys) to metabolizable energy (ME) for mixed parity sows during lactation. In Exp. 1, 185 sows (weighing an average of 256.2 ± 6.5 kg and having an average parity of 3.4 ± 0.3) were allocated to one of six experimental diets in a completely randomized block design within parity groups (1, 2, and 3+). The experimental diets were formulated to contain 3.06, 3.16, 3.20, 3.25, 3.30 or 3.40 Mcal/kg of ME and each diet was fed to the sows throughout a 28 day lactation. All diets provided a similar SID-lysine level (0.86%). As a result, the diets provided a SID-Lys:ME ratio of 2.81, 2.72, 2.69, 2.65, 2.61 or 2.53 g/Mcal ME. Sow feed intake was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by the energy content of the diet as well as by sow parity. Using regression analysis, feed intake was shown to be maximized at 3.25, 3.21, 3.21 and 3.21 Mcal/kg of ME for parity 1, 2, 3+ sows and the entire cohort of sows respectively (quadratic; P < 0.01). In addition, the result of feed intake can be expressed as 2.65, 2.69, 2.69 and 2.68 g/Mcal based on analysis of SID-Lys:ME ratio. Litter weight gain was affected by dietary treatment for parity 3+ sows and the entire cohort (P < 0.01). Based on regression analysis, litter weight gain was maximized at 3.25 and 3.24 Mcal/kg of ME for parity 3+ (quadratic; P < 0.01) and the entire cohort (quadratic; P < 0.01). Similarly, the result of litter weight gain could be expressed as 2.65 and 2.66 g/Mcal of SID-Lys:ME ratio. Therefore, 3.25 Mcal/kg of ME was selected for Exp. 2 in which 150 sows (weighing 254.6 ± 7.3 kg and having an average parity of 3.4 ± 0.4) were allocated to one of five treatments in a completely randomized block design within parity (1, 2, and 3+). The experimental diets were formulated to contain 2.1, 2.4, 2.7, 3.0 or 3.3 g/Mcal of SID-Lys:ME ratio with all diets providing 3.25 Mcal/kg of ME. The diets were fed to the sows throughout a 28 day lactation. Sow body weight loss was affected by dietary treatment (parity 3+ sows, P = 0.02; entire cohort, P < 0.01) and by sow parity (P < 0.01). Litter weight at weaning and litter weight gain were affected by dietary treatment for parity 1, 2, 3+ sows and the entire cohort (P < 0.01) as well as by sow parity (P < 0.01). Plasma urea nitrogen (P < 0.01), creatinine (P < 0.01) and non-esterifide fatty acids (P = 0.04) were decreased as the SID-Lys:ME ratio of the diet increased. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (P = 0.02), estradiol (P < 0.01) and luteinizing hormone (P = 0.02) were increased as the SID-Lys:ME ratio in diet increased. Based on a broken-line model, the estimated SID-Lys:ME ratio to maximize litter weight gain was estimated to be 3.05 g/Mcal.

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Effects of dietary fat inclusion at two energy levels on reproductive performance, milk compositions and blood profiles in lactating sows

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Pre‐Weaning Energy Substitutions on Post‐Weaning Follicle Development, Steroid Hormones and Subsequent Litter Size in Primiparous Sows

Effects of Pre‐Weaning Energy Substitutions on Post‐Weaning Follicle Development, Steroid Hormones and Subsequent Litter Size in Primiparous Sows

The Effect of Dietary Oil Type and Energy Intake in Lactating Sows on the Fatty Acid Profile of Colostrum and Milk, and Piglet Growth to Weaning

The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows

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