Effects of dietary fatty acids on eicosanoid-generating capacity, fatty acid composition and chemotactic activity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leucocytes

Establishment and characterization of a macrophage cell line from the goldfish

“…Chemotaxis of leucocytes has been intensively investigated in mammals, primarily in murine and human systems (Snyderman & Goetzl, 1981). However, this important immune response has been virtually ignored in lower vertebrates, although the basic chemotactic responses of leucocytes have been demonstrated in a few fish species including trout (Gri$n, 1984;Sharp et al, 1992;Ashton et al, 1994), carp (stG Howell, 1987), plaice , and nurse shark (Obenauf & Hyder Smith, 1985). The results of the present study indicate that long-term cultured fish macrophages migrated significantly toward EAGFS and that the degree of migration was dependent upon the concentration of EAGFS.…”

Effects of dietary soybean oil inclusion to replace fish oil on growth, muscle fatty acid composition, and immune responses of juvenile darkbarbel catfish, Pelteobagrus vachelli

“…Positive effects of n-3 fatty acids on the immune response were found in O. mykiss (Kiron et al, 1995) and S. aurata (Montero et al, 2008), whereas negative effects of high levels of dietary n-3 PUFAs on immunity are found in I. punctatus (Fracalossi and Lovell, 1994) and O. mykiss (Ashton et al, 1994). In this study, although we found that partial inclusion (25%) of soybean oil in diet can enhance immunity, it still warrants further study to investigate the mechanism why inclusion of vegetable oil can improve fish immunity.…”

Criteria for Safe Use of Plant Ingredients in Diets for Aquacultured Fish

“…Lower haematocrit, higher thrombocyte counts, and increased resistance to erythrocyte fragility has been noted (Klinger et al 1996). A possible functional disability was observed in rainbow trout when head kidney supernatants from sunflower oil fed fish were less chemoattractant to neutrophils compared to those fed fish oils (Ashton et al 1994). In Atlantic salmon parr, exchanging fish oil to sunflower oil reduced the number of B cells (kidney and spleen) in vaccinated fish responding to A. salmonicida and made them more susceptible to disease when non-vaccinated fish were challenged with A. salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum (Thompson et al 1996).…”

“…A natural consequence of this is that increases in n-6 HUFA in PI following increased feeding of 18:2n-6 should cause major increases in the production of this series of eicosanoids. Indeed most available literature do point to this in salmonids while Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet (VKM) 81 07/604 -final increases in n-3 HUFA or linseed oil (18:3n-3) will inhibit the production of n-6 eicosanoids (Ashton et al 1994;Bell et al 1996a;Balfry and Higgs 2001;Tocher et al 2003b;Gjøen et al 2004). The question then remains if increasing the n-6 PUFA in plant oil supplemented diets will enhance the immune response as seen in mammals and reduce the likelihood of infections.…”