Effects of dietary fatty acids on reproduction in ruminants

Mattos, R.C.; Staples, C.R.; Thatcher, W.W.

doi:10.1530/ror.0.0050038

Cited by 299 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These and their derivatives provide energy and are also essential components in a variety of endocrine and cell signalling pathways (Mattos et al 2000;Wathes et al 2007b). Adipose tissue is the main storage site, although lipids are also stored in other tissues, including muscle and liver, and are major components of all cell membranes.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Wathes

Clempson

Pollott

2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. Dairy cows mobilise body tissues to support milk production and, because glucose supplies are limited, lipids are used preferentially for energy production. Lipogenic activity is switched off and lipolytic mechanisms in adipose tissue increase through changes in the expression of several key enzymes. This results in a loss of body condition, together with high circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids. Changes in the synthesis, secretion and signalling pathways of somatotrophic hormones (insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1) and adipokines (e.g. leptin) are central to the regulation of these processes. A high reliance on fatty acids as an energy source in the peripartum period causes oxidative damage to mitochondria in metabolically active tissues, including the liver and reproductive tract. The expression of genes involved in insulin resistance (PDK4, AHSG) is increased, together with expression of TIEG1, a transcription factor that can induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphisms in TFAM and UCP2, two autosomal mitochondrial genes, have been associated with longevity in dairy cows. Polymorphisms in many other genes that affect lipid metabolism also show some associations with fertility traits. These include DGAT1, SCD1, DECR1, CRH, CBFA2T1, GH, LEP and NPY. Excess lipid accumulation in oocytes and the regenerating endometrium reduces fertility via reductions in embryo survival and increased inflammatory changes, respectively.

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Section: Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Wathes

Clempson

Pollott

2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…In recent years, it has become well accepted that dietary fat may have beneficial effects on fertility of dairy cows directly rather than by improving the cows' energy balance (Staples et al 1998, Mattos et al 2000. Dietary fatty acids (FAs) may influence the functionality of reproductive tissues by changing cell membrane composition and, consequently, membrane fluidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals cannot synthesize n-3 FAs de novo; therefore, these FAs need to be supplied in the diet (Wathes et al 2007); short-chain n-3 FAs can be elongated and desaturated to form long-chain n-3 FAs (Mattos et al 2000). In humans, FO forms the basis of the most popular nutritional supplements; it provides the long-chain n-3 FAs -eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) -which are considered more effective than ALA (Simopoulos 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary α-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil improved folliculogenesis and IVF performance in dairy cows, similar to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from fish oil

Moallem¹,

Shafran²,

Zachut³

et al. 2013

Reproduction

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The objectives of this study were to determine the differential incorporation of various omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) supplemented to dairy cows into ovarian compartments and assess the effects on IVF. Forty-two 256-day pregnant cows were supplemented with encapsulated fats, in treatments designated as i) SFA -saturated fat at 240 and 560 g/day per cow, prepartum and post partum (PP) respectively; ii) FLX -flaxseed oil at 300 and 700 g/day per cow prepartum and PP respectively; and iii) FO -fish oil at 300 and 700 g/day per cow prepartum and PP respectively. Commencing at 60 days in lactation, ovum pickup (OPU) was performed twice weekly (20 sessions; five cows per group) and in vitro maturation and IVF were conducted. The proportion of a-linolenic acid (ALA) was greater in follicular fluid (FF), granulosa cells, and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) of FLX cows than in other groups (P!0.001). The proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was 6.7 times as great in FF of FO as in other groups (P!0.001); docosapentaenoic acid n-3 and DHA were detected in COCs of FO but not in others. The follicle number during OPU was higher in FLX and FO than in SFA (P!0.05), and the oocyte cleavage rate was higher in FLX and FO than in SFA (P!0.01). Also, the percentage of oocytes that developed to blastocysts tended to be higher in both n-3 groups than in SFA (P!0.1). In conclusion, both dietary n-3 FAs similarly improved folliculogenesis and IVF performance; therefore, ALA-rich botanical n-3 seems to be a satisfactory approach to improve oocyte quality.

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“…Consequently, the milk fat/protein ratio was significantly lower in supplemented animals. The use of PUFAs in dairy cow diets has revealed benefits in fertility performance (Mattos et al, 2000(Mattos et al, , 2002Ambrose & Kastelic, 2003) and in milk production (Petit et al, 2004;Dirandeh et al, 2013). It was observed that the supplementation of dairy cattle with extruded linseed and soybean as sources of linoleic and linolenic acids increased total milk yield, but this benefit was not extended to heifers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PUFAs from the n-6 and n-3 families seem to have their most remarkable effects on cattle reproductive performance (Mattos et al, 2000). However, it is not completely clear whether those effects are mediated by the PUFAs themselves or by intermediate metabolites produced during biohydrogenation in the rumen (Santos et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk yield and reproductive performance of dairy heifers and cows supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids

González

Muíño

Pereira

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to determine productive and fertility responses of Holstein-Friesian heifers and cows to supplementation with extruded linseed and soybean as sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Supplementation had a positive effect on profitability, with significant increases in milk yield in supplemented cows, but not in heifers. Treatments had no effect on milk fat content, but higher milk protein contents were observed with supplementation. A higher conception rate was found for supplemented heifers, but not for cows. Fat sources containing PUFAs are recommended for dairy cattle supplementation, since they improve fertility in heifers and milk yield in cows.

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Effects of dietary fatty acids on reproduction in ruminants

Cited by 299 publications

References 21 publications

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Dietary α-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil improved folliculogenesis and IVF performance in dairy cows, similar to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from fish oil

Milk yield and reproductive performance of dairy heifers and cows supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids

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