Effects of Dietary Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba L.) on Egg Yolk Color

Abstract

To investigate the e ects of dietary mulberry leaves on egg yolk color and egg quality, a total of laying hen CP Brown were randomly allotted into groups with replicate of chickens per replicates. Each replicate was furthermore divided into large cages ( cm) with birds. Dried mulberry leaves were supplemented to a basal diet ( . CP, kcal/kg ME) at (control), , and for days. Compared to control, any adverse e ects were not observed in feed intake, body weight gain, egg production rate, egg weight, yolk weight, albumin weight, shell thickness and Haugh unit in dietary mulberry leaves groups. However, pigmentation score of yolk color measured using Roche yolk color fan was higher in all treatment groups ( . to . ) than in the control ( . ) ( . ), and the dietary mulberry leaves group showed the highest value. These results suggest that the mulberry leaves can improve the pigmentation of egg yolk, and that the mulberry leaves also can become the egg color source until supplementation.: egg quality, egg yolk color, layer, mulberry leaves color (North and Bell, ). Although the required degree of pigmentation from light yellow to dark red One of the most important egg qualities for the consumvaries among countries and even between regions of the ers buying retail eggs is egg yolk color. Most table egg same country, many consumers in Thailand have preconsumers and processors of liquid, frozen and dried egg ferred dark red colored yolks (Donald and William, products desire a darker yolk color (North and Bell, ). To require deeper color than that provided by ). As the layer hens cannot synthesize the pigments natural xanthophylls, the industry in European countries of egg yolk, the egg yolk color closely depends on the such as England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain are fat-soluble pigments in the fed diets. The yellow color of known to supplement synthetic canthaxanthin to layer the yolk is caused by lipid-like compounds called as xandiets. However, current consumers are increasing dethophylls (Rose, ), which is a source of red pigments manding foods from chemical-free production systems. and found in alfalfa meal, corn and gluten meal (Baiao, Poultry farmers will eventually need to move away from ). Maize is particularly high in xanthophylls ( the use of chemical feed additives. As artificial color mg kg ) (Rose, ), and be used for inducing a deep additives are not permitted (Rose, ), we are looking yellow yolk. On the other hand, most of cereals contain for other natural pigments, as alternatives to synthetic no xanthophylls (Rose, ). Therefore, di erent inpigments. tensities of yellow are induced by fed feed ingredients.The mulberry plant in tropical belt is grown to be low For example, hens fed mash diets containing yellow maize bush, but it becomes high bush in high temperate regions. and alfalfa meal laid eggs with dark yellow yolks, while Especially, mulberry plant of north-eastern Thailand is the diets based on cereals such as wheat, barley or rice need a largest of the genus. Although mulberry leaves are usu...

Enhancement of egg yolk color by paprika combined with a probiotic

“…The primary sources of xanthophylls are corn, corn gluten meal, and dehydrated alfalfa meal [5]. Concentrated pigments can also be induced from natural sources, such as fall leaves (mulberry) [6,7], flowers (narcissus, marigold), fruits (pineapple, citrus fruits, paprika) [8], vegetables (carrots, tomatoes), insects (ladybugs), bird plumage (flamingo, cock-of-the-rock, ibis, canary), marine animals (crustaceans, salmon) [9], and yeast (Phaffia rhodozyma) [10]. These pigments provide different colors, from light yellow to dark red [11].…”

Effect of Substituting Commercial Feed with Mulberry Leaf Meal on Performance of Broiler Chickens

“…Udedibie andOpara (1998), Odunsi (2003) and Akande et al (2007) also reported a reduction of feed intake with increased level of mulberry leaf meal in the diets of broilers and laying hens. In contrast, Kamruzzaman et al (2012) and Lokaewmanee et al (2009) had reported no adverse effect in feed intake up to 9 % inclusion of mulberry leaf meal in the ration. From weight gain perspective, Chowdary et al (2009) has reported that highest body weight gain was observed in 10% mulberry leaf meal inclusion.…”

Microscopic detection of IgY‐Fc binding signal in the inner layers of ovarian follicular tissue in quail

“…In general, various blood components including mineral (Paik et al 2009), hormone (Yoshimura et al 2009) and lipophilic dye such as carotenoids (Lokaewmanee et al 2009) are transferred into the egg yolks by passing through the ovarian follicular layers. The yolk precursors released from blood capillaries also pass through gaps between granulosa cells and reach the oocyte plasma membrane, where the components are endocytosed into the oocyte cytoplasm.…”