Effects of Dietary Potential Acid Production Value on Productivity in Dairy Cows

Kim, E. T.; Lee, S. S.; Kim, H. J.; Song, Jae Yoon; Kim, C.-H.; Ha, Jong K.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2012.12020

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, the reduction in protozoal diversity could be attributed to the change in pH or the change in substrate as grain and concentrate diets often reduce microbial diversity (Wu et al, 2011 ; Belanche et al, 2012a ; Li et al, 2013 ; Fernandes et al, 2014 ; Kumar et al, 2015 ). Differentiating between the effects of the availability of different feed substrates and the acid-production potential of feeds (Kim et al, 2012 ) on rumen microbial diversity is challenging, especially as different feed substrates or formulations can cause varied amount of saliva production, which can buffer rumen fluid pH. In vitro investigation using fermentation chambers showed pH was a larger driver of fermentative ability than substrate; low pH reduced microbial fiber digestion, nitrogen circulation, and volatile fatty acid production, especially acetate and butyrate (Calsamiglia et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Rumen Fungal and Protozoal Diversity in Three Rumen Fractions, during High-Fiber or Grain-Induced Sub-Acute Ruminal Acidosis Conditions, with or without Active Dry Yeast Supplementation

Ishaq¹,

AlZahal

Walker

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a gastrointestinal functional disorder in livestock characterized by low rumen pH, which reduces rumen function, microbial diversity, host performance, and host immune function. Dietary management is used to prevent SARA, often with yeast supplementation as a pH buffer. Almost nothing is known about the effect of SARA or yeast supplementation on ruminal protozoal and fungal diversity, despite their roles in fiber degradation. Dairy cows were switched from a high-fiber to high-grain diet abruptly to induce SARA, with and without active dry yeast (ADY, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation, and sampled from the rumen fluid, solids, and epimural fractions to determine microbial diversity using the protozoal 18S rRNA and the fungal ITS1 genes via Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Diet-induced SARA dramatically increased the number and abundance of rare fungal taxa, even in fluid fractions where total reads were very low, and reduced protozoal diversity. SARA selected for more lactic-acid utilizing taxa, and fewer fiber-degrading taxa. ADY treatment increased fungal richness (OTUs) but not diversity (Inverse Simpson, Shannon), but increased protozoal richness and diversity in some fractions. ADY treatment itself significantly (P < 0.05) affected the abundance of numerous fungal genera as seen in the high-fiber diet: Lewia, Neocallimastix, and Phoma were increased, while Alternaria, Candida Orpinomyces, and Piromyces spp. were decreased. Likewise, for protozoa, ADY itself increased Isotricha intestinalis but decreased Entodinium furca spp. Multivariate analyses showed diet type was most significant in driving diversity, followed by yeast treatment, for AMOVA, ANOSIM, and weighted UniFrac. Diet, ADY, and location were all significant factors for fungi (PERMANOVA, P = 0.0001, P = 0.0452, P = 0.0068, Monte Carlo correction, respectively, and location was a significant factor (P = 0.001, Monte Carlo correction) for protozoa. Diet-induced SARA shifts diversity of rumen fungi and protozoa and selects against fiber-degrading species. Supplementation with ADY mitigated this reduction in protozoa, presumptively by triggering microbial diversity shifts (as seen even in the high-fiber diet) that resulted in pH stabilization. ADY did not recover the initial community structure that was seen in pre-SARA conditions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Rumen Fungal and Protozoal Diversity in Three Rumen Fractions, during High-Fiber or Grain-Induced Sub-Acute Ruminal Acidosis Conditions, with or without Active Dry Yeast Supplementation

Ishaq¹,

AlZahal

Walker

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, in the previous studies also rumen fluid was collected from a single fistulated cow, which was used for measuring dissimilary reduction of nitrate and nitrite in the bovine rumen [ 30 ]. Kim et al [ 31 ] also reported the dietary potential acid productions values, where rumen fluid was collected from a single fistulated cow. In the present investigation, concentrations of cyanotoxins (0.05, 0.5 and 5 μg/mL) incubated with rumen fluid are in correspondence to the sub chronic and acute doses of cattle announced by California Environmental Protection Agency [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biodegradation of cyanotoxins in the rumen fluid of cattle

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn countries around the Baltic Sea grazing ruminants have access to and drink, surface water from lakes, rivers and in several coastal regions. The water quality of these naturally occurring reservoirs affects performance and health of livestock. In the Baltic Sea both microcystin (MC) and nodularin (NOD) occurs as cyclic peptides and have hepatotoxic effects. Although cattle obviously have died after consuming contaminated water very little information is available as to how susceptible ruminants are to the toxins produced by cyanobacteria. The critical question as to whether the rumen microflora might constitute a protective shield is unresolved. For this reason our aim is to investigate a possible degradation rate of these toxins in rumen.ResultsThe ability of rumen microorganisms to degrade certain important cyanotoxins (MC-LR, YR, RR and NOD) was studied in vitro by incubating with rumen fluid at three different concentrations (0.05, 0.5 and 5 μg/mL) for 3 h. The degradation efficiencies were determined by LC-MS (ESI) positive mode. Degradation was observed in the following order MC-RR 36%, NOD 35%, MC-RR 25% and MC-LR 8.9% at lower concentrations within 3 h. However, average degradation was observed at concentration of 0.5 μg/mL. No degradation was observed in higher concentrations for entire 3 h. The present results reveal that the degradation was both dose and time dependent.ConclusionsIn conclusion the present results suggest that the rumen microbial flora may protect ruminants from being intoxicated by Cyanotoxins.

show abstract

Determination of Solubility and Potential of Acid Production of some Feedstuffs and Investigation of their In Vitro Fermentation in Natural and Induced Acidosis Conditions

یلچی¹,

یانسری²,

رضایی³

et al. 2017

rap

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of Dietary Potential Acid Production Value on Productivity in Dairy Cows

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

An Investigation into Rumen Fungal and Protozoal Diversity in Three Rumen Fractions, during High-Fiber or Grain-Induced Sub-Acute Ruminal Acidosis Conditions, with or without Active Dry Yeast Supplementation

An Investigation into Rumen Fungal and Protozoal Diversity in Three Rumen Fractions, during High-Fiber or Grain-Induced Sub-Acute Ruminal Acidosis Conditions, with or without Active Dry Yeast Supplementation

In vitro biodegradation of cyanotoxins in the rumen fluid of cattle

Determination of Solubility and Potential of Acid Production of some Feedstuffs and Investigation of their In Vitro Fermentation in Natural and Induced Acidosis Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About