Effects of dietary probioticLactobacillus plantarumand whey protein concentrate on the productive parameters, immunity response and susceptibility of Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus(L.), toAeromonas sobriainfection

Abstract

Immunostimulatory feed supplements have an increasingly interest in aquaculture management. Generally, an individual supplement was used in fish diets but it is expected that the use of multi-supplements may show synergistic enhancements in fish performance, health, and immunity. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate the use of dietary probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum and whey protein concentrate (WPC) in practical diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Hence, probiotic L. plantarum, WPC and their mixture were incorporated into a basal fish diet (300 g/kg crude protein) as follows: T1 = a basal control diet, T2 = a basal diet containing L. plantarum, T3 = a basal diet containing 1.0 g WCP/kg diet and T4, T5 or T6 = basal diets containing probiotic L. plantarum + 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 g WCP/kg diet, respectively. Fish (15.2 ± 0.6 g) were fed on one of the tested diets up to apparent satiation twice a day for 60 days. After that, fish were intraperitoneally injected with pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas sobria and fish mortality was observed for 10 days postchallenge. Fish growth and feed intake were significantly improved by dietary probiotic L. plantarum (T2) and/or WPC (T3) over the control group (T1), and highest fish performance was observed in T5-T6 fish groups. Similarly, highest values of haematocrit, glucose, total proteins, albumin, and globulin were significantly observed in T5-T6 fish groups. Likewise, fish fed dietary probiotic L. plantarum (T2), WPC (T3), and their mixture (T4-T6) showed antioxidants and immune-stimulating activities better than the control group. Fish fed the control diet were more susceptible to A. sobria infection showing highest fish mortality (75.0%). Meanwhile, dietary probiotic L. plantarum (T2), WPC (T3), and their mixture (T4-T6) enhanced significantly the fish resistance to A. sobria infection resulting in maximum values of relative percent of fish survival (73.3%-80.0%) in T5-T6 groups. The present investigation recommended the use of probiotic L. plantarum with 2.0 g WPC/kg diet to improve the growth, antioxidant, immunity responses and tolerance of Nile tilapia to A. sobria infection. Fresh whey was collected from the nearby village of the Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research (CLAR), Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Egypt, and transferred immediately to the Microbiology Lab, CLAR. All samples were analysed on the same day of sampling and kept at refrigerated (2-8°C) condition until doing the microbiological analysis. A 10 ml of fresh liquid whey was homogenized with 90 ml of 0.85% (w/v) sterile sodium chloride solution to make serial dilutions up to 10 −6 for each sample. A 1.0 ml sample from each of the corresponding dilutions (10 −5 and 10 −6 ) were inoculated into De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar (MRS agar; Merck, Germany) for lactobacilli isolation (De Man et al., 1960) and incubated at 30°C for 24-48 hr. After incubation, plates with 30-300 colonies were enumerated and the calculated results were expressed as colonyforming unit (CFU) per ml by mul...

The Immunostimulatory Effects of Commercial Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Non-specific Immune Response, Antioxidants Assay, and Intestinal Morphometry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…Likewise, there is an improvement of globulin seen in probiotics dependent on Bacilli ( Reda and Selim, 2015 ) and yeast–based diets that fed to Nile tilapia ( Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2008 , 2020a , 2020b ; Abdel-Tawwab, 2012 ). Microorganisms used throughout the tilapia culture have been shown to be successful improving in the autoimmune reaction, including such B. subtilis , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Lactobacillus acidophilus , and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ( Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2008 ; Selim and Reda, 2015 ; Abou-El-Atta et al, 2019 ; Kuebutornye et al, 2019 ).…”

Immunological Responses and the Antioxidant Status in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Following Replacement of Dietary Fish Meal with Plant Protein

“…The bacterial challenge test is mostly used after the feeding trial as a final measure of fish health status [ 105 ]. A. sobria is a hemorrhagic septicemic Gram-negative bacterium that has been used as an indicator of fish immunonutrition in some studies [ 106 , 107 ]. In the present study, the highest and lowest percentage of cumulative mortality caused by A. sobria were recorded, respectively, for the R100 group at 60% and the R0 group at 30%.…”

Antimicrobial Activity against Paenibacillus larvae and Functional Properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains: Potential Benefits for Honeybee Health

“…The natural genomic architecture is the basis of its versatility and of its success in industrial applications, not only as starter culture but also as a bio-protective agent [70]. However, while numerous data on the functional and probiotic properties of L. plantarum in the diet of fish and mammals, including humans, were obtained [71][72][73][74][75], to our knowledge, its use as a probiotic in the honeybee diet and its antagonistic action against P. larvae has been little studied [76][77][78]. In this research we investigated the inhibitory properties of L. plantarum strains, isolated, in previous studies [79], from the honeybee (A. mellifera L.) gut and bee bread, against P. larvae ATCC 9545.…”