Effects of Dietary Selenium and Vitamin E on Hepatic Mixed-Function Oxidase Activities and In Vivo Covalent Binding of Aflatoxin B1 in Rats

Chen, J; Mp, Goetchius; Tc, Campbell; Gf, Combs

doi:10.1093/jn/112.2.324

Cited by 44 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the liver and other organs of the rodent, K/C shares its potential to enhance the phase II enzymes GST and/or UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (W.W. Huber, F.F. Kadlubar et al, report in preparation) with BHA (Buetler et al 1995;Kashfi et al 1994;Lam and Zhang 1991;Prochaska et al 1985;Reddy and Maeura 1984), TBHQ (Prochaska et al 1985), ethoxyquin (Buetler et al 1995), oltipraz (Buetler et al 1995;Vargas et al 1998) and also with seleniumcontaining compounds (Chen et al 1982;Chung and Maines 1981;Sohn et al 1999) and cyanohydroxybutene (Staack et al 1998). However, the relationship of K/C to ARE remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The coffee components kahweol and cafestol induce γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of chemoprotective glutathione synthesis, in several organs of the rat

et al. 2001

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The coffee components kahweol and cafestol (K/C) were reported to be protective against mutagenic damage by heterocylic amines and aflatoxin B1 in the rat, while in humans the consumption of coffee with a high K/C content was associated with a lower rate of colon tumors. An important mechanism of this antimutagenic effect appears to be the potential of K/C to induce glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and to enhance hepatic levels of glutathione (GSH), the co-factor of GST, which is independently involved in further protective mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated mechanisms and organ specificities (liver, kidney, lung, colon) of the K/C effect on GSH levels, and particularly the role of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), the rate limiting enzyme of GSH synthesis. Chows containing one of four concentrations of either a 1:1 mixture of K/C (0.012-0.122%) or of cafestol alone (0.006-0.061%) were fed to male F344 rats for 10 days. In the K/C-treated livers, a dose-dependent increase of up to 2.4-fold in the activity of GCS was observed, being statistically significant even at the lowest dose, and associated with an increase in GSH of up to three-fold. Notably, the highest dose doubled the hepatic mRNAs of the heavy and light subunits of GCS, suggesting enhanced transcription. In the extrahepatic organs, GCS activity and GSH levels were increased as well, although more moderately than in the liver. Since enhancement of GCS had also been observed as a consequence of oxidative stress, the possibility of such an involvement in the actions of K/C was examined by determining hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the ratio of oxidized and reduced GSH. However, no evidence of oxidative stress was detected. In summary, K/C increased GSH levels apparently through the induction of the rate limiting enzyme of GSH synthesis, which may be a key factor in the chemopreventive potential of coffee components.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The coffee components kahweol and cafestol induce γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of chemoprotective glutathione synthesis, in several organs of the rat

et al. 2001

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“…The mutation caused in this codon is in the form of transversion in the third position of this codon and will cause the insertion of serine at the 249 in the mutant protein (152). In addition to the G-->T transversion, Aflatoxin B1 will cause G-->T and C-->A transversions into adjacent codons but with reduced frequency but it was proven only as G-->T transversion at 249 codon.…”

Section: Mycotoxins and Their Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different mycotoxins on humans, cell genome and their involvement in cancer

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The chemical nature of most of the mycotoxins makes them highly liposoluble compounds that can be absorbed from the site of exposure such as from the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract to the blood stream where it can be dissimilated throughout the body and reach different organs such as the liver and kidneys. Mycotoxins have a strong tendency and ability to penetrate the human and animal cells and reach the cellular genome where it causes a major mutagenic change in the nucleotide sequence which leads to strong and permanent defects in the genome. This defect will eventually be transcribed, translated and lead to the development of cancer. In this review, the chemical and physical nature of mycotoxins, the action of mycotoxins on the cellular genome and its effect on humans, mycotoxins and their carcinogenicity and mycotoxins research gaps are discussed, and new research areas are suggested. The research review posed various questions. What are the different mycotoxins that can cause cancer, what is the role of mycotoxins in causing cancer and what types of cancers can be caused by mycotoxins? These questions have been selected due to the significant increase in the mycotoxin contamination and the cancer incidence rate in the contemporary world. By revealing and understanding the role of mycotoxins in developing cancer, measures to reduce the risks and incidents of cancer could be taken.

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“…All parts of the plant are considered to be a good source of a large number of bioactive substances. The ripe fruit has been considered to be a rich source of Vitamin A, C, E, carotenoids and organic acids 215,216) . Many medicinal effects of Seabuckthorn for flu, cardiovascular diseases, mucosal injuries and skin disorders have been reported to be due to the high content of antioxidant substances present in this plant 217) .…”

Section: Protective Efficacy Of Various Plant Products On the Toxic Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

Kalia¹,

Flora²

2005

Journal of Occupational Health

269

161

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Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Arsenic and LeadPoisoning: Kiran Kalia, et al. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, IndiaExposure to toxic metals remains a widespread occupational and environmental problem in world. There have been a number of reports in the recent past suggesting an incidence of childhood lead poisoning and chronic arsenic poisoning due to contaminated drinking water in many areas of West Bengal in India and Bangladesh has become a national calamity. Low level metal exposure in humans is caused by air, food and water intake. Lead and arsenic generally interferes with a number of body functions such as the central nervous system (CNS), the haematopoietic system, liver and kidneys. Over the past few decades there has been growing awareness and concern that the toxic biochemical and functional effects are occurring at a lower level of metal exposure than those that produce overt clinical and pathological signs and symptoms. Despite many years of research, we are still far from an effective treatment of chronic plumbism and arsenicosis. Medical treatment of acute and chronic lead and arsenic toxicity is furnished by chelating agents. Chelating agents are organic compounds capable of linking together metal ions to form complex ring-like structures called chelates. They have been used clinically as antidotes for acute and chronic poisoning. 2, 3-dimercaprol (BAL) has long been the mainstay of chelation therapy for lead or arsenic poisoning. Meso 2, 3, -dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has been tried successfully in animals as well as in a few cases of human lead and arsenic poisoning. DMSA could be a safe and effective method for treating lead or arsenic poisoning, but one of the major disadvantages of chelation with DMSA has been its Review inability to remove lead from the intracellular sites because of its lipophobic nature. Further, it does not provide protection in terms of clinical/ biochemical recovery. A new trend in chelation therapy is to use combined treatment. This includes the use of structurally different chelators or a combination of an adjuvant and a chelator to provide better clinical/ biochemical recovery in addition to lead mobilization. The present review article attempts to provide update information about the current strategies being adopted for a safe, effective and specific treatment for two major toxic metals or metalloid.

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Effects of Dietary Selenium and Vitamin E on Hepatic Mixed-Function Oxidase Activities and In Vivo Covalent Binding of Aflatoxin B1 in Rats

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

The coffee components kahweol and cafestol induce γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of chemoprotective glutathione synthesis, in several organs of the rat

The coffee components kahweol and cafestol induce γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of chemoprotective glutathione synthesis, in several organs of the rat

Effects of different mycotoxins on humans, cell genome and their involvement in cancer

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

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