Effects of Dietary Selenium Deficiency on mRNA Levels of Twenty-One Selenoprotein Genes in the Liver of Layer Chicken

Liu, C. P.; Fu, Jun; Lin, Shilei; Wang, X. S.; Li, S.

doi:10.1007/s12011-014-0005-9

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A number of other studies in various species reported that >75% of selenoprotein transcripts examined were downregulated significantly by selenium deficiency when just a selenium-deficient and a selenium-adequate group were compared (47)(48)(49)(50), and several reported that the majority of selenoprotein transcripts examined were downregulated significantly by selenium deficiency when 3 groups (selenium-deficient, seleniumadequate, high-selenium) were studied (51,52). In contrast, when multiple levels of selenium supplementation were used, resulting in well-defined biomarker plateaus, far fewer selenoprotein transcripts were significantly altered by selenium deficiency (20), especially in avian studies that used commercial (outbred) strains (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights for Setting of Nutrient Requirements, Gleaned by Comparison of Selenium Status Biomarkers in Turkeys and Chickens versus Rats, Mice, and Lambs

Sunde

Taylor

2016

Advances in Nutrition

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To gain insights into nutrient biomarkers and setting of dietary nutrient requirements, selenium biomarker levels and requirements in response to multiple graded levels of dietary selenium were compared between day-old turkeys and chickens versus weanling rats and mice and 2-d-old lambs supplemented with sodium selenite. In rodents, there was no significant effect of dietary selenium on growth, indicating that the minimum selenium requirement was <0.007 mg Se/g diet. In contrast, there was a significant effect in turkeys, chicks, and lambs, which showed selenium requirements for growth of 0.05, 0.025, and 0.05 mg Se/g diet, respectively. Liver glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 1 activity fell in all species to <4% of selenium-adequate levels, plasma GPX3 activity fell to <3% in all species except for mice, and liver GPX4 activity fell to <10% in avians but only to ;50% of selenium-adequate levels in rodents. Selenium-response curves for these biomarkers reached well-defined plateaus with increasing selenium supplementation in all species, collectively indicating minimum selenium requirements of 0.06-0.10 mg Se/g for rats, mice, and lambs but 0.10-0.13 mg Se/g for chicks and 0.23-0.33 mg Se/g for turkeys. In contrast, increasing dietary selenium did not result in well-defined plateaus for erythrocyte GPX1 activity and liver selenium in most species. Selenium-response curves for GPX1 mRNA for rodents and avians had well-defined plateaus and similar breakpoints. GPX4 mRNA was not significantly regulated by dietary selenium in rodents, but GPX4 mRNA in avians decreased in selenium deficiency to ;35% of selenium-adequate plateau levels. Notably, no selenoprotein activities or mRNA were effective biomarkers for supernutritional selenium status. Robust biomarkers, such as liver GPX1 and plasma GPX3 activity for selenium, should be specific for the nutrient, fall dramatically in deficiency, and reach well-defined plateaus. Differences in biomarker-response curves may help researchers better understand nutrient metabolism and targeting of tissues in deficiency, thus to better characterize requirements. Adv Nutr 2016;7:1129-38.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights for Setting of Nutrient Requirements, Gleaned by Comparison of Selenium Status Biomarkers in Turkeys and Chickens versus Rats, Mice, and Lambs

Sunde

Taylor

2016

Advances in Nutrition

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“…A dietary Se deficiency caused the levels of Gpx1, Gpx2, and Gpx4 mRNAs to decrease in the liver [13]. Se alleviated oxidative stress and a number of lipid peroxides in the intestinal mucosa [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Deficiency Attenuates Chicken Duodenal Mucosal Immunity via Activation of the NF-κb Signaling Pathway

Liu

Wang

et al. 2016

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Selenium (Se) deficiency can cause intestinal mucosal inflammation, which is related to activation of nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. However, the mechanism of inflammatory response in chicken duodenal mucosa caused by Se deficiency and its relationship with the NF-κB signaling pathway remain elusive. In this study, we firstly obtained Se-deficient chickens bred with 0.01 mg/kg Se and the normal chickens bred with 0.4 mg/kg Se for 35 days. Then, NF-κB signaling pathway, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), inflammatory cytokines, oxidized glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione activities were determined. The results showed that Se deficiency obviously enhanced p50, p65, and p65 DNA-binding activities. The phosphorylation of IκB-α and phosphorylation of kappa-B kinase subunit alpha (IKKα) and IKKα were elevated, but IκB-α was decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, Se deficiency reduced SIgA amount in the duodenal mucosa but increased the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In contrast, anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as TGF-β1 and IL-10, were significantly suppressed. Additionally, Se deficiency increased oxidized glutathione activity, whereas decreased glutathione peroxidase and glutathione activities (P < 0.05), suggesting that Se deficiency affected the regulation function of redox. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Se deficiency attenuated chicken duodenal mucosal immunity via activation of NF-κB signaling pathway regulated by redox activity, which suggested that Se is a crucial host factor involved in regulating inflammation.

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“…In chickens, several studies have been conducted that examined the relative expression of selenoprotein transcripts, primarily with a focus on the impact of Se deficiency, but also with data on expression in Se-adequate chicks [24–26]. We found in turkey liver that GPX3 mRNA was most highly expressed, followed by SELU, GPX4, SEPP2, and SEPP1, and in muscle tissues we found that GPX3 mRNA was also most highly expressed, followed by SEPW1 and GPX1 (Fig 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning, Sequencing, and Expression of Selenoprotein Transcripts in the Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

Sunde

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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The minimum Se requirement for male turkey poults is 0.3 μg Se/g – three times higher than requirements found in rodents – based on liver and gizzard glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) and GPX1 activities. In addition, turkey liver GPX4 activity is 10-fold higher and GPX1 activity is 10-fold lower than in rats, and both GPX1 and GPX4 mRNA levels are dramatically down-regulated by Se deficiency. Currently, the sequences of all annotated turkey selenoprotein transcripts and proteins in the NCBI database are only “predicted.” Thus we initiated cloning and sequencing of the full turkey selenoprotein transcriptome to demonstrate expression of selenoprotein transcripts in the turkey, and to develop tools to investigate Se regulation of the full selenoproteome. Total RNA was isolated from six tissues of Se-adequate adult tom turkeys, and used to prepare reverse-transcription cDNA libraries. PCR primers were designed, based initially on chicken, rodent, porcine, bovine and human sequences and later on turkey shotgun cloning sequences. We report here the cloning of full transcript sequences for 9 selenoproteins, and 3'UTR portions for 15 additional selenoproteins, which include SECIS elements in 22 3'UTRs, and in-frame Sec (UGA) codons within coding regions of 19 selenoproteins, including 12 Sec codons in SEPP1. In addition, we sequenced the gap between two contigs from the shotgun cloning of the turkey genome, and found the missing sequence for the turkey Sec-tRNA. RTPCR was used to determine the relative transcript expression in 6 tissues. GPX3 expression was high in all tissues except kidney, GPX1 expression was high in kidney, SEPW1 expression was high in heart, gizzard and muscle, and SELU expression was high in liver. SEPP2, a selenoprotein not found in mammals, was highly expressed in liver but not in other tissues. In summary, transcripts for 24 selenoproteins are expressed in the turkey, not just predicted.

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Effects of Dietary Selenium Deficiency on mRNA Levels of Twenty-One Selenoprotein Genes in the Liver of Layer Chicken

Cited by 58 publications

References 41 publications

Insights for Setting of Nutrient Requirements, Gleaned by Comparison of Selenium Status Biomarkers in Turkeys and Chickens versus Rats, Mice, and Lambs

Insights for Setting of Nutrient Requirements, Gleaned by Comparison of Selenium Status Biomarkers in Turkeys and Chickens versus Rats, Mice, and Lambs

Selenium Deficiency Attenuates Chicken Duodenal Mucosal Immunity via Activation of the NF-κb Signaling Pathway

Cloning, Sequencing, and Expression of Selenoprotein Transcripts in the Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

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