Effects of dietary supplementation of fulvic acid on lipid metabolism of finishing pigs1

Chang, Qingqing; Lu, Zhigang; He, Mingyu; Gao, Ruize; Bai, Haixin; Shi, Baoming; Shan, A. S.

doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8137

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In this context, increased intake of several dietary minerals have been associated with a reduced risk for developing MetSyn [22]. Additionally, fulvic acid was recently reported to stimulate insulin secretion in pigs without affecting glucose concentrations [23]. We did not observe any influence of OMC on either serum glucose or insulin levels in Chow-fed rats, but a pronounced glycemia-moderating effect was observed in HFD-treated rats.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

A novel organic mineral complex prevented high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia, endotoxemia, liver injury and endothelial dysfunction in young male Sprague-Dawley rats

Crawford

Gumpricht²,

Sweazea

2019

PLoS ONE

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The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) has risen 35% since 2012 and over two-thirds of Americans exhibit features characterizing this condition (obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and/or endothelial dysfunction). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel dietary supplemental organic mineral complex (OMC) on these risk factors in a rodent model of MetSyn. Six-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either standard chow or a high-fat diet (HFD) composed of 60% kcal from fat for 10 weeks. Rats were also treated with OMC in their drinking water at either 0 mg/mL (control), 0.6 mg/mL, or 3.0 mg/mL. The HFD-treated rats exhibited significantly increased body mass ( p <0.05), epididymal fat pad mass ( p <0.001), waist circumference ( p = 0.010), in addition to elevations in plasma endotoxins ( p <0.001), ALT activity ( p <0.001), fasting serum glucose ( p = 0.025) and insulin concentrations ( p = 0.009). OMC did not affect body weight or adiposity induced by the HFD. At the higher dose OMC significantly blunted HFD-induced hyperglycemia ( p = 0.021), whereas both low and high doses of OMC prevented HFD-induced endotoxemia ( p = 0.002 and <0.001, respectively) and hepatocyte injury (ALT activity, p <0.01). Despite evidence of oxidative stress (elevated urinary H 2 O 2 p = 0.032) in HFD-fed rats, OMC exhibited no demonstrable antioxidative effect. Consistent with prior studies, mesenteric arteries from HFD rats had more uncoupled eNOS ( p = 0.006) and iNOS protein expression (p = 0.027) in addition to impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation that was abrogated by the high dose of OMC ( p <0.05). This effect of OMC may be attributed to the high nitrate content of the supplement. These findings suggest that the OMC supplement, particularly at the higher dose, ameliorated several risk factors associated with MetSyn via a non-antioxidant-dependent mechanism.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

A novel organic mineral complex prevented high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia, endotoxemia, liver injury and endothelial dysfunction in young male Sprague-Dawley rats

Crawford

Gumpricht²,

Sweazea

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…Wang et al found that supplementation of humic substances (HS) yielded increases in ADG, G/F (HS 10%), and lymphocyte counts [ 57 ], but a decrease in backfat thickness. Chang et al confirmed that different doses of FA reduced pig backfat, and found that this was due to a higher activity of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and lower activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) [ 58 ]. Bai et al reported that dietary supplementation FA could increase G/F and reduce backfat thickness and malonaldehyde (MDA) in growing–finishing pigs [ 59 ].…”

Section: Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation of Inorganic, Organic, and Fatty Acids in Pig: A Review

Ferronato

Prandini

2020

Animals

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Reduction of antibiotic use has been a hot topic of research over the past decades. The European ban on growth-promoter use has increased the use of feed additivities that can enhance animal growth performance and health status, particularly during critical and stressful phases of life. Pig farming is characterized by several stressful periods, such as the weaning phase, and studies have suggested that the proper use of feed additives during stress could prevent disease and enhance performance through modulation of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa and microbiome. The types of feed additive include acids, minerals, prebiotics, probiotics, yeast, nucleotides, and phytoproducts. This review focuses on commonly used acids, classified as inorganic, organic, and fatty acids, and their beneficial and potential effects, which are widely reported in the bibliography. Acids have long been used as feed acidifiers and preservatives, and were more recently introduced into feed formulated for young pigs with the goal of stabilizing the stomach pH to offset their reduced digestive capacity. In addition, some organic acids represent intermediary products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and thus could be considered an energy source. Moreover, antimicrobial properties have been exploited to modulate microbiota populations and reduce pathogenic bacteria. Given these potential benefits, organic acids are no longer seen as simple acidifiers, but rather as growth promoters and potential antibiotic substitutes owing to their beneficial action on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

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“…In human adipocytes, increased Ca 2+ levels can decrease cAMP levels through PDE activation, which consequently decreases HSL phosphorylation and ultimately inhibits lipolysis [ 9 ]. In a previous study of the adipose tissue of pigs indicated a significant decline in backfat thickness due to dietary supplementation of fulvic acid related to the increased activity of HSL [ 37 ]. We found that PDE1A (encoding PDE) and LIPE (encoding HSL) levels declined in the high-FE pigs, though the downward trends were not significantly different between two FE groups ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Adipose Tissue Indicates That the cAMP Signaling Pathway Affects the Feed Efficiency of Pigs

et al. 2018

Genes

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Feed efficiency (FE) is one of the main factors that determine the production costs in the pig industry. In this study, RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied to identify genes and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) that are differentially expressed (DE) in the adipose tissues of Yorkshire pigs with extremely high and low FE. In total, 147 annotated genes and 18 lincRNAs were identified as DE between high- and low-FE pigs. Seventeen DE lincRNAs were significantly correlated with 112 DE annotated genes at the transcriptional level. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that DE genes were significantly associated with cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) metabolic process and Ca2+ binding. cAMP, a second messenger has an important role in lipolysis, and its expression is influenced by Ca2+ levels. In high-FE pigs, nine DE genes with Ca2+ binding function, were down-regulated, whereas S100G, which encodes calbindin D9K that serve as a Ca2+ bumper, was up-regulated. Furthermore, ATP2B2, ATP1A4, and VIPR2, which participate in the cAMP signaling pathway, were down-regulated in the upstream of lipolysis pathways. In high-FE pigs, the key genes involved in the lipid biosynthetic process (ELOVL7 and B4GALT6), fatty acid oxidation (ABCD2 and NR4A3), and lipid homeostasis (C1QTNF3 and ABCB4) were down-regulated. These results suggested that cAMP was involved in the regulation on FE of pigs by affecting lipid metabolism in adipose tissues.

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Effects of dietary supplementation of fulvic acid on lipid metabolism of finishing pigs1

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

A novel organic mineral complex prevented high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia, endotoxemia, liver injury and endothelial dysfunction in young male Sprague-Dawley rats

A novel organic mineral complex prevented high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia, endotoxemia, liver injury and endothelial dysfunction in young male Sprague-Dawley rats

Dietary Supplementation of Inorganic, Organic, and Fatty Acids in Pig: A Review

Transcriptome Analysis of Adipose Tissue Indicates That the cAMP Signaling Pathway Affects the Feed Efficiency of Pigs

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