Effects of Different Concentrations of Carbohydrate Forms on Orchis Sancta L. Propagation in Vitro

Abstract

In this study, the goal was the germination and propagation of Orchis sancta L. which is endangered due to uncontrolled collection and used in obtaining salep, in vitro conditions. By the addition of 0 (control group), 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 g/l concentrations of sucrose, glucose, maltose, galactose, and fructose of carbohydrate forms into Van WaesDebergh culture medium, sugars of effects were determined on germination and development of Orchis sancta L. seeds. In the study, germination, formation of protocorm and shoot periods and ratios were examined. The highest average germination ratio was obtained as 77.85% in Maltose40, the lowest average as 44.36% in Galaktose100 mediums. In protocorm formation, when the highest average ratio was detected as 68.53% in Sucrose100, the lowest average as 25.33% in Fruktose100 mediums. Germination period as 12.50-21.33 days, protocorm formation period as 22.50-50.83 days and shoot formation period as 50.66-105.33 days' intervals were determined.

In vitro germination and seedling development of two European orchid species, Himantoglossum jankae Somlyay, Kreutz & Óvári and Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall.

“…However, for this technique to be efficient, it is necessary to assess a number of factors that directly or indirectly influence germination without mycorrhiza. Culture medium composition, environmental conditions, maturity, and sterilization protocols exert strong impact on asymbiotic in vitro germination, as well as on seedling development (Arditti 1967;Arditti et al 1981;Znaniecka and Lojkowska 2004;Vejsadova 2006;Godo et al 2010;Bozdemir et al 2018). Although orchid seed germination biology is essentially the same for all species, and consists of embryo swelling and protocorm formation, it is necessary to establish an optimized protocol for each species regarding their specific nutrient and environmental needs.…”

Germination and Protocorm Formation of Ophrys Sphegodes Mill. – In Vitro Protocol for a Rare Orchid Species

“…Knudson (1922) pointed out that germination is possible on a substrate which contains minerals and carbohydrates, in absence of fungi. Germination depends on a large number of factors, such as temperature, light, minerals, carbohydrates, pH, vitamins, hormones (Rasmussen, 1995;Arditti, 1967;Stewart and Kane, 2006;Godo et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2015;Ponert et al, 2013;Gupta, 2016;Bozdemir, 2018). Seed usually germinates at 20-25°C and pH 4.8-5.8 and often demands Fe and Mn for germination; coconut water, pineapple juice, peptone, tryptone, yeast and salep are also used as supplements (Marić, 1995).…”

Influence of scarification method on seed germination of the terrestrial orchid Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.)

“…Generally, the germination period varies from a few weeks to several months according to species, culture media and the method used (32). We observed that germination of centrifuged seeds was severely delayed.…”