Effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile grouper Epinephelus akaara

Wang, Jiteng; Li, Xinyu; Han, Tao; Yang, Yunxia; Jiang, Yudong; Yang, Min; Xu, Youlong; Harpaz, Sheenan

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.03.034

Cited by 96 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In our previous study, it has been indicated that juvenile E. akaara fed a diet containing 29.83 mg kJ −1 P:E exhibited best growth performance (Wang et al ), which is similar with the result of this study (30.58 mg kJ −1 P:E containing 17.16 kJ energy in diet 520P/60L). Le and Williams () also suggested that 28 mg kJ −1 P:E is optimal for juvenile malabar grouper ( Epinephelus malabaricus ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper,Epinephelus akaara

Wang

Han

et al. 2017

Aquacult Nutr

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An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to assess dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red‐spotted grouper (7.85 ± 0.03 g fish−1). Nine semi‐purified diets were formulated containing varying protein levels (440–520 g kg−1, dry matter) and lipid levels (60–120 g kg−1, dry matter). The weight gain of juvenile Epinephelus akaara was affected by dietary protein (p = .005) and its interaction with dietary lipid (p = .020). Viscerosomatic index, intraperitoneal fat ratio and whole‐body lipid level increased with increasing dietary lipid level (p < .001). Nitrogen retention was not affected by dietary protein and lipid, while lipid retention decreased with increasing dietary lipid level (p < .001). The plasma blood urea nitrogen increased with increasing dietary protein level (p = .003). This study showed that diet with 520 g kg−1 protein and 60 g kg−1 lipid with 30.58 mg kJ−1 P:E provided a maximal growth for this species. Moreover, an increase in dietary lipid levels (from 60 to 90 g kg−1) could reduce the protein requirement (from 520 to 480 g kg−1) without affecting the growth performance, while higher fat deposition was observed in fish fed high‐lipid diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper,Epinephelus akaara

Wang

Han

et al. 2017

Aquacult Nutr

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“…The growth performance and feed utilization of croaker were significantly affected by dietary carbohydrate or lipid, and this may lead to the difference in body composition. The increase in dietary carbohydrate significantly elevated the content of hepatic glycogen, as described previously in cobia (Ren, Ai, Mai, Ma, & Wang, ) and grouper (Li et al, ; Wang et al, ), and this may attribute to the elevated HSI caused by the increase in dietary carbohydrate. Meanwhile, the HSI was also increased with elevated dietary lipid with similar observation in some previous studies such as Atlantic cod (Hansen et al, ) and Atlantic salmon (Nordgarden, Hemre, & Hansen, ), which may result from the lipid deposition induced by increased dietary lipid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In addition, dietary carbohydrate must be maintained at a certain level due to the role of starch‐binding function in manufacturing feed (Sørensen et al, ). Therefore, dietary carbohydrate of large yellow croaker should be maintained at 60 g/kg diet, and similar recommendation has been given in Epinephelus akaara (Wang et al, ) and hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂ (Li, Li, Chen, Jin, & Zhang, ). However, the obtained appropriate dietary carbohydrate is significantly lower than the result of Zhou et al ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and non‐specific immunity of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Aquacult Nutr

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary lipid, carbohydrate and their interactions on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and non‐specific immunity of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). The experimental fish were fed the diets with graded levels of dietary crude lipid (80, 110 and 140 g/kg diet) and dietary carbohydrate (60, 90 and 120 g/kg diet) for 7 weeks. Results showed that the specific growth rate decreased significantly as dietary carbohydrate increased, which partly resulted from the progressively reduced feed intake and protein efficiency ratio. Meanwhile, the result of postprandial glucose content confirmed glucose intolerance of the croaker. However, the specific growth rate was not significantly altered by dietary lipid, but the feed intake was remarkably reduced. The different growth performance and feed utilization of croaker in response to dietary lipid and carbohydrate resulted in the variation of body composition. In addition, the activity of lysozyme and classical complement pathway was significantly improved in croaker fed the diet with 110 g/kg lipid. In above, dietary carbohydrate and lipid of large yellow croaker should be maintained at 60 and 110 g/kg diet, respectively, based on the above indices.

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“…Responsible for carbohydrate and lipid hydrolysis, respectively, amylase and lipase activities increased with feed with up to a ratio of 4.15 CHO:L, and decreased beyond this level. It is well known that intestinal amylase function is an important step towards dietary carbohydrate utilisation (Kamalam et al., ), and that this activity correlates positively with carbohydrate inclusion, although this response may be restricted to omnivorous and herbivorous species (Krogdahl, Hemre & Mommsen, ; Wang et al., ). In respect of lipid utilisation, the bile salt dependent lipase is considered the main digestive enzyme responsible for dietary lipid hydrolyses (Sæle, Nordgreen, Olsvik & Hamre, ) and corresponds positively to dietary inclusion (Mohanta et al., ; Zhou et al., , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth, digestive enzyme and blood metabolites of juvenile Brazilian sardines,Sardinella brasiliensis(Steindachner, 1879)

et al. 2017

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Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth, digestive enzyme and blood metabolites of juvenile Brazilian sardines, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) AbstractThe limited availability of live bait for capturing skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, is a bottleneck to increasing tuna production in many parts of the world. Therefore, a nutrition trial was performed to contribute to the production of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, for use as live bait. This study determined the best dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio (CHO:L) for juvenile Brazilian sardines based on growth performance, feed utilisation, body composition, blood metabolites and digestive enzyme activity. Six isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets were formulated with increased CHO:L ratios (2. 05, 3.41, 4.15, 5.11, 5.80 and 6.72). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 100 fish with mean initial body weight of 2.97 AE 0.51 g, which were fed four times a day to apparent satiation. Survival was not affected by differences in diet, however, a low CHO:L ratio stimulated growth. Juveniles fed with a rich-carbohydrate diet inhibit feed intake and protein intake. Body lipid increased as dietary lipid increased and was inversely correlated to body moisture. The diets did not affect the juvenile's blood metabolites. Alkaline and acid protease activities were not significantly different, but lipase and amylase responded positively to the dietary lipids and carbohydrates. Using segmented regression, the optimum CHO:L ratio for maximum weight gain of juvenile Brazilian sardines was estimated to be 3.41, which contain approximately 300 g kg À1 carbohydrate and 88 g kg À1 lipid.

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Effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile grouper Epinephelus akaara

Cited by 96 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper,Epinephelus akaara

Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper,Epinephelus akaara

Effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and non‐specific immunity of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth, digestive enzyme and blood metabolites of juvenile Brazilian sardines,Sardinella brasiliensis(Steindachner, 1879)

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