Effects of different dietary lipid sources on growth performance, body composition and lipid metabolism-related enzymes and genes of juvenile golden pompano,Trachinotus ovatus

Abstract

Three groups of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (54.75 AE 0.25 g), were each fed one of three diets containing different lipid sources: fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO) and lard oil (LO). Fish were reared in sea cages for 8 weeks, and the fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher specific growth rate (SGR) but lower condition factor (CF) than the other treatments. The fatty acid (FA) composition of whole-body lipids was closely correlated with those in the diets. Although no differences can be found in hepatic fatty acid synthase (fasn) activity, the carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (cpt1) activity in fish fed the FO diet was significantly higher compared with other treatments. In addition, the relative gene expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, such as cpt1, fas, apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100), delta-6 fatty acyl desaturase (fadsd6) and fatty acid-binding protein 1 (fabp1), was also influenced by the different dietary lipid sources. Serum triglyceride (TG) and glucose content in fish fed the LO and FO diets were significantly higher than those in the SO group. Accordingly, it can be concluded that FO could not be completely replaced by SO or LO in golden pompano diets. The lipid sources of a diet could impose significant influence on body condition factor and hepatic lipid metabolism of golden pompano. K E Y W O R D Sfatty acids, gene expression, lipid metabolism, lipid sources, Trachinotus ovatus | INTRODUCTIONLipids are structural components of cell membranes, a source of energy and essential fatty acids, which are used to promote growth, health and reproduction of fish. In addition, lipids also help to absorb and transport fat-soluble vitamins and are precursors of hormones, vitamin D and eicosanoids, which are biomolecules derived from essential fatty acids that play important roles in the immune system and inflammatory response (Higgs & Dong, 2000;Turchini, Torstensen & Ng, 2009;Wall, Ross, Fitzgerald & Stanton, 2010). Fish oil is considered an important source of lipids for aquatic feed, especially for marine fish, as it can provide high n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content.Marine fish have limited capacity to synthesize, particularly, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (Sargent, Bell, McEvoy, Tocher & Estevez, 1999;Glencross, 2009;Tocher, 2010).However, due to the increasing cost and decreasing availability of fish oil, the use of alternative lipid sources such as soybean oil (SO) and lard oil (LO) in marine fish feed tends to increase. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus is a carnivoro...

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