Effects of dithiocarbamates on cadmium distribution and excretion in chronically exposed rats

Cikrt, M.; Lepsí, P; Horáková, Lucie; Bláha, K.; D, Bittnerová; Jones, Mark M.

doi:10.1080/15287398609530836

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The level of cadmium in the brain is the highest attained with such a level of cadmium administration (Cikrt et al, 1986). No comparable data for nickel were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Bile samples were collected 3 h before and every hour after chelator administration for a total period of 6 h. Urine was collected 18 h before and 18 h after BGDTC injection. This procedure was carried out using the protocol described earlier (Cikrt et al, 1986). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed by cardiac exsanguination and liver, kidneys, and brain were removed.…”

Section: Animal Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and excretion of cadmium and nickel after simultaneous exposure and the effect ofN‐benzyl‐d‐glucamine dithiocarbamate on their biliary and urinary excretion

Cikrt¹,

Bláha²,

Nerudová³

et al. 1992

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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A rat model for combined exposure to cadmium and nickel is presented that involves the administration of drinking water containing these elements over a period of 90 d. Coadministration of these two ions in drinking water leads to brain levels of both elements that are significantly higher than results from the administration of equal doses of the metals individually. The enhanced biliary excretion of cadmium in rats given sodium N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (BGDTC) is almost twice as great in those animals given cadmium and nickel as in those animals given cadmium only. The excretion of nickel is reduced by the administration of this chelating agent. Although equal amounts of nickel and cadmium were administered to these animals, liver and kidney cadmium levels were approximately 100 times greater than the corresponding nickel levels. The results suggest that combined exposure to these elements may lead to enhanced levels of nickel and cadmium in the brain and a level of nervous system damage not predictable from information obtained under conditions of exposure to only one of these elements.

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“…The level of cadmium in the brain is the highest attained with such a level of cadmium administration (Cikrt et al, 1986). No comparable data for nickel were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Animal Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and excretion of cadmium and nickel after simultaneous exposure and the effect ofN‐benzyl‐d‐glucamine dithiocarbamate on their biliary and urinary excretion

Cikrt¹,

Bláha²,

Nerudová³

et al. 1992

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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“…The search for a compound of superior stability lead to HOCH2-(CHOH)4N(CH3)CS2Na which proved to be a compound of low toxicity, excellent stability, and as effective as a cadmium mobilizing agent when given at 2.2 mmole/kg (9). Two piperidine derivatives:; HOCH-(CH2CH2)2 NCS2Na and H2NCOCH(CH2CH2)2NCS2Na were also found to be very effective when given at this level (7,39).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Factors in the In Vivo Chelate Mobilization of Aged Cadmium Deposits

Singh¹,

Jones²,

Jones³

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The role of structural factors in determining the relative efficacy of dithiocarbamates as chelating agents for the in vivo mobilization of aged cadmium deposits is examined for 23 newly synthesized compounds of this type. The critical feature in determining the efficacy of the compounds in mobilizing intracellular cadmium is the balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. This balance also governs the other properties of these compounds such as the organ specificity of action and the relative propensity to carry cadmium to the brain. The transport of cadmium to the brain by dithiocarbamate can be greatly reduced by the incorporation of appropriate hydrophilic groups that prevent the formation of lipid-soluble cadmium complexes that pass readily into the brain. If the chelating agents carry an additional ionic charge, their ability to pass through cellular membranes and react with intracellular deposits of cadmium is significantly reduced, with other structural factors being equal. The structural features that optimize mobilization of cadmium from the kidney do not appear to be identical with those that optimize its mobilization from the liver. The correlation of cadmiummobilizing properties of these chelating agents with the sum of the Hansch n constants for the parts of the molecular structures other than the dithiocarbamate grouping (lIn) is reasonably good for the removal of renal cadmium by derivatives of D-glucamine and D-xylamine. Another aspect of the molecular structure that appears to play a role is the presence of uncharged polar groups having the ability to form hydrogen bonds. The relevance ofthese factors in designing chelating agents to enhance the excretion of other toxic metals from their intracellular sites is discussed.

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Dithiocarbamate analog N‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐N‐dithiocarboxy‐D‐glucamine reduces the retention of ingested cadmium in rats

Kargačin

Kostial

Arezina

et al. 1991

J of Applied Toxicology

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This study was performed to evaluate the effect of oral and intraperitoneal treatment with N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate monohydrate (MeOBDCG) after a single oral administration of 115mCd to 6-week-old rats. Oral treatment reduced the retention of 115mCd in the whole body, gut, liver and kidney by 5, 3, 4 and 3 times respectively, and intraperitoneal treatment reduced the retention by 7, 2.5, 16 and 4.5 times, respectively. This finding is new, since it was believed that oral dithiocarbamate treatment would increase the toxicity and absorption of ingested cadmium.

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Effects of dithiocarbamates on cadmium distribution and excretion in chronically exposed rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Distribution and excretion of cadmium and nickel after simultaneous exposure and the effect ofN‐benzyl‐d‐glucamine dithiocarbamate on their biliary and urinary excretion

Distribution and excretion of cadmium and nickel after simultaneous exposure and the effect ofN‐benzyl‐d‐glucamine dithiocarbamate on their biliary and urinary excretion

Structural Factors in the In Vivo Chelate Mobilization of Aged Cadmium Deposits

Dithiocarbamate analog N‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐N‐dithiocarboxy‐D‐glucamine reduces the retention of ingested cadmium in rats

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