Effects of droperidol on peripheral vasculature: use of cardiopulmonary bypass as a study model

Abstract

The effects of droperidol on the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and the venous capacitance were studied during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in 24 patients. CPB was performed with either pulsatile or non-pulsatile flow. During non-pulsatile flow, droperidol (0.15 mg X kg-1 and 0.30 mg X kg-1) decreased SVR and increased venous capacitance. These values were significantly different after the 2nd and the 7th min, respectively. During pulsatile flow, the initial SVR was lower. The decremental effect of 0.30 mg X kg-1 droperidol on SVR was proportional to the preinjection level of SVR (r = 0.64). The increase in venous capacitance related to droperidol was independent of the dose and of the type of flow in all patients. It can be concluded that the vasodilating action of droperidol during CPB on the arterial bed is transient, independent of dose, and related to the preinjection level of SVR. The effect of droperidol on venous capacitance is not as rapid but has a longer duration.

Vasodilator Properties of Nitroglycerin and Isosorbide Dinitrate During Cardiopulmonary Bypass †

“…In addition, the trial was performed after reaching steady state hypothermia and the infusion of fentanyl was continued unaltered throughout the study. In spite of these efforts to stabilize conditions, there was a continuous increase in arterial pressure and a decrease in reservoir blood volume during CPB [6,9], and therefore we compared our data with a control group. With this study design, acute changes in arterial pressure and venous return reflect druginduced changes in vascular tone of arterial and venous beds, respectively.…”

“…In some situations, for example in the presence of increased myocardial oxygen consumption in association with systemic hypotension as a consequence of ischaemia-induced left ventricular failure and dilatation of the heart, it may be beneficial to give a nitrate which is more selective in its effect on the venous than on the arterial vascular bed. In man it is possible to evaluate concomitantly the venous/venular and arterial/arteriolar vascular effects of drugs during the constant flow conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by observing changes in the volume of blood returning into the venous reservoir and by measuring systemic arterial pressure, respectively [6][7][8][9][10][11]. In this study, we have compared the vasodilator properties of two organic nitrates available for i.v.…”

Effect of Thiopentone, Etomidate and Propofol on Systemic Vascular Resistance During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

“…In particular, the use of non-pulsatile flow and hypothermia may have altered the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to the vasodilating effects of these drugs. The decrease in SVR produced by droperidol is of longer duration during non-pulsatile flow compared with pulsatile flow [3]. All three drugs are moderately to highly bound to plasma proteins: thiopentone 80-84 % [16,17], etomidate 70-75% [18,19], propofol 98% [20].…”

“…The observed cardiovascular effects of a drug are the result of complex interactions between changes in systemic vascular resistance (SVR), heart rate, baroreflex activity and myocardial contractility. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been used to study the isolated effects of drugs on the peripheral circulation [1][2][3]. In a previous study we used this model to study the effect of propofol on SVR [4].…”

Quantitative Monitoring of Blood Supply to Knee Joint Transplants in Dogs

“…While droperidol is able to reduce the systemic vascular resistance due to vasodilation, an effect of fentanyl has been shown by some studies, by others not [20][21][22]. However, the relation of the mea surements before and after surgery should not have changed, because the animals received sedation before and after the operation.…”