Effects of early exercise on cardiac function and lipid metabolism pathway in heart failure

Abstract

We employed an early training exercise program, immediately after recovery from surgery, and before severe cardiac hypertrophy, to study the underlying mechanism involved with the amelioration of cardiac dysfunction in aortic stenosis (AS) rats. As ET induces angiogenesis and oxygen support, we aimed to verify the effect of exercise on myocardial lipid metabolism disturbance. Wistar rats were divided into Sham, trained Sham (ShamT), AS and trained AS (AST). The exercise consisted of 5‐week sessions of treadmill running for 16 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted by anova or Kruskal–Wallis test and Goodman test. A global correlation between variables was also performed using a two‐tailed Pearson's correlation test. AST rats displayed a higher functional capacity and a lower cardiac remodelling and dysfunction when compared to AS, as well as the myocardial capillary rarefaction was prevented. Regarding metabolic properties, immunoblotting and enzymatic assay raised beneficial effects of exercise on fatty acid transport and oxidation pathways. The correlation assessment indicated a positive correlation between variables of angiogenesis and FA utilisation, as well as between metabolism and echocardiographic parameters. In conclusion, early exercise improves exercise tolerance and attenuates cardiac structural and functional remodelling. In parallel, exercise attenuated myocardial capillary and lipid metabolism derangement in rats with aortic stenosis‐induced heart failure.

Myocardial proteome changes in aortic stenosis rats subjected to long‐term aerobic exercise

“…Exercise prevents damage to the heart caused by various types of injury (Pazzianotto‐Forti et al, 2020; Saco‐Ledo et al, 2020; Sjölin et al, 2020; Suppan et al, 2020). As rats with persistent pressure overload are intolerant to physical effort, we used a moderate‐volume, low‐intensity training protocol (de Souza et al, 2020; Mota et al, 2020). ET improved functional capacity in both C‐Ex and AS‐Ex groups, which may be related to improved muscular and cardiocirculatory oxidative efficiency (Souza et al, 2014).…”

“…Echocardiograms were performed 2 and 18 weeks after surgery using a commercially available echocardiogram (General Electric Medical Systems, Vivid S6) equipped with a 5–11.5 MHz multifrequency probe as previously described (Gregolin et al, 2021; da Silva et al, 2023; de Souza et al, 2023; Vileigas, Marciano, et al, 2019). All examinations were performed blind by a cardiologist and specialist in echocardiography.…”