Effects of early postnatal hypernutrition on nephron number and long-term renal function and structure in rats

Boubred, Farid; Buffat, Christophe; Feuerstein, Jean-Marc; Daniel, Laurent; Tsimaratos, Michel; Oliver, Charles; Lelièvre-Pégorier, Martine; Simeoni, Umberto

doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00141.2007

Cited by 93 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Overfeeding of normal birth weight rats also had adverse effects. [26][27][28] In line with these findings, we observed that lower fetal weight gain and lower early infancy weight gain led to impaired kidney growth, whereas only lower fetal weight gain led to impaired kidney function. The results from our present study suggest that both fetal life and early infancy may be critical periods for the development of kidney diseases in later life.…”

Section: Fetal and Early Childhood Growth And Childhood Kidneysupporting

confidence: 84%

Fetal and Infant Growth Patterns and Kidney Function at School Age

Bakker

Gaillard

Franco³

et al. 2014

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Low birth weight is associated with ESRD. To identify specific growth patterns in early life that may be related to kidney function in later life, we examined the associations of longitudinally measured fetal and infant growth with kidney function in school-aged children. This study was embedded in a populationbased prospective cohort study among 6482 children followed from fetal life onward. Fetal and childhood growth was measured during second and third trimesters of pregnancy, at birth, and at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months postnatally. At the age of 6 years, we measured kidney volume by ultrasound. GFR was estimated using blood creatinine levels. Higher gestational age-adjusted birth weight was associated with higher combined kidney volume and higher eGFR (per 1 SD score increase in birth weight; 1.27 cm 3 [95% confidence interval, 0.61 to 1.93] and 0.78 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 [95% CI, 0.16 to 1.39], respectively). Fetal weight, birth weight, and weight at 6 months were positively associated with childhood kidney volume, whereas higher second trimester fetal weight was positively associated with higher GFR (all P values,0.05). Fetal and childhood lengths were not consistently associated with kidney function. In this cohort, lower fetal and early infant weight growth is associated with smaller kidney volume in childhood, whereas only lower fetal weight growth is associated with lower kidney function in childhood, independent of childhood growth. Whether these associations lead to an increased risk of kidney disease needs to be studied further.

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Section: Fetal and Early Childhood Growth And Childhood Kidneysupporting

confidence: 84%

Fetal and Infant Growth Patterns and Kidney Function at School Age

Bakker

Gaillard

Franco³

et al. 2014

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…The lack of effect on nephron endowment may result from a relative resistance of the IUGR kidney to postnatal nutrition and the end stage of nephrogenesis at which pups were exposed to HP diet. In rodents, in which nephrogenesis begins at midgestation and continues after birth up to days 7-10, neonatal environment, especially nutrition, can influence nephron endowment (23,24). As compared with normal birth weight (NBW) offspring, early neonatal overfeeding fails to improve postnatal nephrogensis in IUGR pups; this is due in part to impaired development of nephron progenitors cells (13,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of glomeruli per kidney was determined in the two groups of rats on D18 and D160, as previously described (23). Whole kidneys were briefly incubated in a 50% hydrochloric acid solution for 30 to 45 min at 37 °C, the incubation time being dependent on kidney weight.…”

Section: Morphometric Measurements and Estimation Of Nephron Number mentioning

confidence: 99%

High protein intake in neonatal period induces glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis in adulthood in rats born with IUGR

et al. 2015

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Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and postnatal nutrition are risk factors for cardiovascular and renal diseases in both humans and animals. The long-term renal effects of protein intake early in life remain unknown. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a neonatal feeding with high protein (HP) milk on renal functions and structure in IUGR male rats. Methods: Maternal gestational low protein diet was used to produce IUGR. At day 5, IUGR pups were gastrostomized in the "pup-in-the cup" model and received either normal protein (NP) milk or HP (+50% protein content) milk until day 21. After weaning, the animals were fed the same standard diet. Renal functions and structure were assessed at postnatal day 18 (D18) and in adult offspring. results: During the preweaning period, the postnatal weight gain between the two groups was unaffected. On D18, kidneys from HP offspring were heavier with significant glomerular hypertrophy (+40%, P < 0.05). HP diet was associated with significant proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis (+49%, P < 0.05). Glomerular number was unaltered. conclusion: Neonatal HP feeding following IUGR affects renal functions and structure at adulthood. These alterations may result from a single nephron glomerular hyperfiltration.

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“…When LBW rats were overfed post-natally, nephron numbers remained low, and they developed obesity, hypertension and renal injury with time 74 . In post-natally overfed NBW rats, despite a higher than normal nephron number, blood pressure, proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis were all increased in adulthood 75 .…”

Section: Impact Of Childhood Weight Gain On Risk Factors For Chronic mentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

et al. 2013

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Developmental programming of non-communicable diseases is now an established paradigm. With respect to hypertension and chronic kidney disease, adverse events experienced in utero can affect development of the fetal kidney and reduce final nephron number. Low birth weight and prematurity are the most consistent clinical surrogates for a low nephron number, and are associated with increased risk of hypertension, proteinuria and kidney disease in later life. Rapid weight gain in childhood or adolescence further compounds these risks. Low birth weight, prematurity and rapid childhood weight gain should alert clinicians to an individual's life-long risk of hypertension and kidney disease, prompting education to minimize additional risk factors and ensuring follow-up. Birth weight and prematurity are significantly impacted by maternal nutrition and health during pregnancy. Optimization of maternal health and early childhood nutrition could therefore attenuate this programming cycle and reduce the global burden of hypertension and kidney disease in the future.

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Effects of early postnatal hypernutrition on nephron number and long-term renal function and structure in rats

Cited by 93 publications

References 34 publications

Fetal and Infant Growth Patterns and Kidney Function at School Age

Fetal and Infant Growth Patterns and Kidney Function at School Age

High protein intake in neonatal period induces glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis in adulthood in rats born with IUGR

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

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