Effects of early season defoliation ofAnthyllis cytisoides(a Mediterranean browse species) on further herbivore attack

Alados, Concepción L.; Barroso, Fernando G.; Aguirre, Antônio; Escós, J.

doi:10.1006/jare.1996.0124

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although the defoliation treatments increased shoot mortality, the surviving shoots were able to keep up total shoot growth through increased lateral shoot growth. Increases in branching and shoot length as a response to leaf removal have been reported in other woody plants (Torres et al 1980;Alados et al 1996). However, such changes may be overridden by later responses to resource loss, as reduced shoot growth may occur 2 years after defoliation (Hjä lté n et al 1993), or after repeated defoliation (Heichel and Turner 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Woody species have proved more sensitive to leaf removal at early leaf flush and during reproductive phases than late in the season (Cissé 1980;Teague 1986) and, even though refoliation occurs, high defoliation intensities may cause a reduction in final leaf biomass in the same, or subsequent, growth seasons (Benjamin et al 1995;Bergströ m and Danell 1995;Reichenbacker et al 1996). Refoliated leaves on defoliated branches are usually smaller than mature, initially formed leaves on control branches (Faeth 1992), and several studies have reported a reduction in growth of shoots and height of plants after defoliation (Heichel and Turner 1984;Marquis 1992;Hjä lté n et al 1993;Bergströ m and Danell 1995;Reichenbacker et al 1996), while others have recorded increased branching and total shoot length (Torres et al 1980;Alados et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although many studies have reported that young leaves are preferred by insects (Feeny 1970;Coley 1980Coley , 1983Fowler and Lawton 1984;Lowman and Heatwole 1992;Coley and Barone 1996), different feeding guilds of insects (e.g. miners and chewers) may respond differently to physical and chemical changes caused by defoliation (Hunter and West 1990;Alados et al 1996). It has also been suggested that specialists may prefer young leaves, while generalist feeders prefer mature (Rhoades and Cates 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Growth, chemical responses and herbivory after simulated leaf browsing in Combretum apiculatum

Rooke

Bergström

2006

Plant Ecol

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Vegetative and chemical responses to simulated leaf browsing during the growth season, and their subsequent effect on herbivory, were studied on Combretum apiculatum Sonder (Combretaceae) in Botswana. Treatments (50% and 100% leaf and shoot apex removal) were performed just before the shoot growth curve levelled out, and responses recorded 3 months later, just before leaf fall. Compared to controls, defoliation treatments, removing apical dominance, reduced growth in tree height and increased shoot mortality, although the production of lateral shoots increased. At the end of the trial, there was no difference in total length of annual shoots between treatment groups. Significant refoliation occurred only after 100% defoliation. Refoliated leaves were smaller and the 100% defoliated trees had a lower final leaf biomass. Total leaf biomass production was, however, equal for all treatment groups. Refoliated leaves contained higher levels of N, lower levels of aciddetergent fibre (ADF) and total phenolics, and showed a trend towards lower levels of condensed tannins, compared to leaves on control trees. Such chemical changes may be due to either carbon stress or to younger physiological age of new leaves. In spite of the observed potential increase in food quality, we found no evidence of increased levels of insect or ungulate herbivory on refoliated leaves, which, at least for insect herbivory, may be explained by the reduction in temporal availability of leaves. We conclude that the single severe defoliation was not detrimental to C. apiculatum in the short-term, although the resource loss and induced compensatory growth may produce negative effects during subsequent growth seasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Growth, chemical responses and herbivory after simulated leaf browsing in Combretum apiculatum

Rooke

Bergström

2006

Plant Ecol

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“…cytisoides is a perennial leguminous cheamophyte, which grows up to 1Á10 m high and is drought deciduous (Alados, 1996). It has a branching root system with a main taproot that has been measured in open gully walls in the Rambla Honda to grow up to 2Á5 m. It has also been found to grow up to 5 m in softened rock joints or in alluvium (Domingo et al, 1991).…”

Section: Sitementioning

confidence: 97%

Below-ground relationships of soil texture, roots and hydraulic conductivity in two-phase mosaic vegetation in South-east Spain

Archer

Quinton

Hess

2002

Journal of Arid Environments

163

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“…The 'Anthyllis site', located on an upper alluvial fan, faced north-west and with a slope angle of approximately 8º. The shrub-area was dominated by Anthyllis cytisoides L. (Plate 1), a perennial leguminous drought deciduous cheamophyte up to 1.10 m high (Alados, 1996). It has a branching root system with a main tap root that has been measured in open gully walls in the Rambla Honda to a depth of 2.5 m. The 'Retama site' was on a west facing lower alluvial fan with slopes of 2º in the grass-area and 4º in the shrub-area; this comprised mainly Retama sphaerocarpa L. Boiss (Plate 2), a leguminous shrub with photosynthetic stems, very few leaves and an extensive dual root system; surface roots grow radially from a main stump and very deep vertical roots are capable of abstracting water from depths of 16-20 m (Hasse et al, 1996).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The water balance of two semi-arid shrubs on abandoned land in South-Eastern Spain after cold season rainfall

Archer

Hess

Quinton

2002

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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The water balance of two semi-arid shrubs on abandoned land in South-Eastern Spain after cold season rainfall 913Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 6(5), 913-926 (2002) AbstractThe inland, mountainous marginal areas (land abandoned by farming and colonised by shrubs) of the Iberian Peninsular, Spain, generally receive a higher rainfall than the coastal areas (Lazaro and Rey, 1991) and may store water after cold season (autumn and winter) rainfall. By measuring runoff, change of soil water content and rainfall, this study tests the hypothesis that two shrubs on two sites on abandoned land do not use all the water available after cold season rainfall. One site was on an upper alluvial slope dominated by Anthyllis cytisoides and the other on a lower alluvial slope dominated by Retama sphaerocarpa. The root systems of A. cytisoides and R. sphaerocarpa penetrate to 3 m and 20 m, respectively. A. cytisoides senesces during the dry season and R. sphaerocarpa is evergreen. The water balance is dominated by high actual evapotranspiration (ET), which is limited by rainfall. Reference evapotranspiration was high; runoff was low and soil water storage occurred above 2 m depth. ET and water storage were highest under A. cytisoides shrubs. Runoff was lower on the 'Anthyllis' site. The spatial variability of soil water is high and the problems of its measurement are discussed. The quantity of rainfall infiltrated was greater under shrubs than grass-areas, suggesting that shrub roots facilitated preferential flow. The growing season of A. cytisoides began when water was available in the upper soil layers and senescence occurred when the upper soil layers dried to less than 4 % water content. A. cytisoides, therefore, relies on water from these layers. The main growth of R. sphaerocarpa occurred when the upper soil layers were relatively dry, so that R. sphaerocarpa must extract water from deeper layers. Results suggest that A. cytisoides accumulates rainfall and runoff and directs water to lower layers for later use, while R. sphaerocarpa extracts water from deeper soil layers. By mid-summer both shrubs had extracted all the available water accumulated in the upper soil layers from cold season rainfall.

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Effects of early season defoliation ofAnthyllis cytisoides(a Mediterranean browse species) on further herbivore attack

Abstract: El artículo seleccionado no se encuentra disponible por ahora a texto completo por no haber sido facilitado todavía por el investigador a cargo del archivo del mismo.

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Growth, chemical responses and herbivory after simulated leaf browsing in Combretum apiculatum

Growth, chemical responses and herbivory after simulated leaf browsing in Combretum apiculatum

Below-ground relationships of soil texture, roots and hydraulic conductivity in two-phase mosaic vegetation in South-east Spain

The water balance of two semi-arid shrubs on abandoned land in South-Eastern Spain after cold season rainfall

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