Effects of efonidipine on platelet and monocyte activation markers in hypertensive patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

We compared the levels of microparticles, platelet activation markers, soluble cell adhesion molecules, and soluble selectins between hypertensive patients with and without type 2 diabetes and control subjects. Binding of anti-glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and anti-glycoprotein Ib monoclonal antibodies to platelets did not differ significantly between the hypertensive patients and controls, but platelet expression of activation markers (CD62P, CD63, PAC-1, and annexin V) was higher in the hypertensive patients. Platelet-derived microparticle (PDMP) and monocyte-derived microparticle (MDMP) levels were significantly higher in the hypertensive patients than in the controls. Soluble ICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin, and E-selectin levels were also higher in the

Effect of nifedipine on adiponectin in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…11 We previously reported that a high level of monocyte-derived microparticles (MDMP) may be a marker of vasculopathy in diabetic patients. [12][13][14][15][16] Adiponectin is the most abundant fat-specific hormone, being exclusively expressed by and secreted from adipose tissue. 17 The plasma adiponectin concentration is decreased in obese individuals 17,18 and patients with type 2 diabetes, 19 and its level is closely related to whole-body insulin sensitivity.…”

Haemorheological, platelet and endothelial factors in essential hypertension

“…In summary, the four studies [3][4][5][6] have verified a role of increased platelet and endothelial activity, monocytes, cell adhesion molecules and microparticles in the pathogenesis of hypertension (alone or concurrent with diabetes). Therefore, antihypertensive medication that has simultaneous antiatherogenic or favourable haemorheological effects is likely to be significant in the prevention of vascular morbidity and mortality.…”

“…In addition, similar to hypertensives, platelets, selectins and indicators of cell adhesion may be of pathogenic importance in the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Nomura et al 6 compared the levels of cell adhesion molecules and markers of both monocyte and platelet activation in 48 middle-aged hypertensive patients (23 of whom had type 2 diabetes) and 30 controls. In addition, the impact of 8-week treatment with efonidipine, a calcium channel blocker, on the levels of these factors was assessed.…”

Soluble integrin adhesion receptors and atherosclerosis: much heat and a little light?

“…22,36 As Rizzoni and colleagues report, many risk factors for atherosclerosis, including diabetes and hypertension, are generally (though not always) associated with increased levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. 26,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43] It is unclear whether the observed elevations are because of direct effects or to subclinical atherosclerosis. Certainly, elevated levels of both sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 have been documented in patients with essential hypertension without overt atherosclerotic disease, 39 although in this cohort of elderly (mean age 69 years) hypertensive men it seems likely that some would have inapparent disease.…”