Effects of Elevated Body Temperature on Control of Breathing

Žila, Ivan; Čalkovská, Andrea

doi:10.2478/v10201-011-0008-6

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is thought that reduced feather cover may be advantageous for thermoregulation at high T a by increasing sensible heat loss. It has been reported that body temperature changes are accompanied with marked alterations in breathing pattern (Zila & Calkovska, 2011). Increases in RR of up to 165 breaths/min were observed in broilers at 42 d of age under high temperatures (Silva et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Slow-Growing Chickens under Diurnally Cycling Temperature in a Hot Environment

Mutibvu

Chimonyo

Halimani

2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Extensive, intensive, respiratory rate, heart rate, strain, temperature.Submitted: 23/April/2017 Approved: 11/June/2017 ABStRACt Free-range chicken production has significantly increased in recent years and it often entails exposing birds to cyclic environmental conditions. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of bird strain and sex, and rearing system on the physiological responses of Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK), Ovambo (OV) and Naked Neck (NN) chickens reared in a hot environment. Body weight (BW), rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) were determined weekly for 4 weeks, in 3 slow-growing chicken strains under cyclic environmental conditions. A total of 288, 20-week old Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK), Ovambo (OV) and Naked Neck (NN) chickens were separated by sex and allocated to extensive and intensive rearing systems. Ambient temperature and relative humidity (RH) were used to compute a temperature humidity index (THI). A Proc MIXED model was used to analyze fixed effects and a linear regression model was fitted to test the relationship between THI and response parameters. All factors studied influenced (p<0.05) BW while none affected (p>0.05) RT. Higher BW (p<0.05) were obtained with OV in both rearing systems. Sex influenced (p=0.0021) HR but not RR (p>0.05). Week and rearing system affected (p>0.05) RR. THI showed significant correlation with RR and HR. THI was higher in intensive than extensive rearing. Physiological responses of PK, OV and NN are comparable under similar rearing conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Slow-Growing Chickens under Diurnally Cycling Temperature in a Hot Environment

Mutibvu

Chimonyo

Halimani

2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…The RespR recorded by Samimi and Tajik () in miniature donkeys was lower than the values obtained in the current study. The relatively high RespR during the hot‐dry season compared to the cold‐dry season was apparently the result of exposure to heat, accompanied by marked alterations in respiration to increase ventilation (Zila and Calkovska ; Lenis Sanin et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RespR recorded by Samimi and Tajik (2017) in miniature donkeys was lower than the values obtained in the current study. The relatively high RespR during the hot-dry season compared to the cold-dry season was apparently the result of exposure to heat, accompanied by marked alterations in respiration to increase ventilation (Zila and Calkovska 2011;Lenis Sanin et al 2016). The increase in mesor of RespR in the hot-dry season is in agreement with the finding of Shawaf et al (2018) in Shetland ponies, who reported that RespR was higher in the summer than the winter period in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Respr In Adult Yearling and Foal Donkeys During The Cold-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of season on diurnal rhythms of heart (HR) and respiratory rates (RespR) in the adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the cold‐dry and hot‐dry seasons under natural light/dark cycle. The resting HR and RespR were recorded bihourly for 24 consecutive hours from 06:00 to 06:00 h (GMT +1) in 30, clinically healthy donkeys (10 adults,10 yearlings, and 10 foals). Dry‐bulb temperature (DBT), relative humidity (RH), temperature‐humidity index (THI) and wet‐bulb globe temperature index (WBGT) inside the pen were recorded bihourly from 06:00 to 06:00 h. Values of DBT, THI, and WBGT obtained during the hot‐dry season were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than corresponding values recorded during the cold‐dry season. Application of single‐cosinor procedure showed that HR and RespR exhibited daily rhythmicity in both seasons. The mesors of the HR in adult (41.51 ± 0.34 beats/min [bpm]), yearling (40.80 ± 0.43 bpm), and foal (47.55 ± 0.40 bpm) donkeys during the cold‐dry season were significantly (P < 0.01) lower, compared to the corresponding values of 48.4 ± 0.40 bpm, 50.42 ± 0.52 bpm and 58.10 ± 0.50 bpm, respectively during the hot‐dry season. The mesors of RespR in adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the hot‐dry season were higher (P < 0.05), when compared to the corresponding values recorded in the cold‐dry season. The HR and RespR of foals were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the adult and yearling donkeys. Amplitudes of HR and RespR were higher during the hot‐dry season than the cold‐dry season. In conclusion, seasonal changes affect diurnal rhythmicity of HR and RespR of adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the cold‐dry and hot‐dry seasons. The HR and RespR of donkeys vary with age, with higher values in the foals than the adult and yearling donkeys in both seasons.

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“…In humans elevated temperatures increase ventilation (Zila and Calkovska, 2011) and therefore respiration. Plants respire more CO 2 at higher temperatures, because their internal processes intensify.…”

Section: Carbon Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Urbanization in the Global Carbon Cycle

Churkinа

2016

Front. Ecol. Evol.

125

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Urban areas account for more than 70% of CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels. Urban expansion in tropics is responsible for 5% of the annual emissions from land use change. Here, I show that the effect of urbanization on the global carbon cycle extends beyond these emissions. I quantify the contribution of urbanization to the major carbon fluxes and pools globally and identify gaps crucial for predicting the evolution of the carbon cycle in the future. Urban residents currently control ∼22 (12-40)% of the land carbon uptake (112 PgC/yr) and ∼24 (15-39)% of the carbon emissions (117 PgC/year) from land globally. Urbanization resulted in the creation of new carbon pools on land such as buildings (∼6.7 PgC) and landfills (∼30 PgC). Together these pools store 1.6 (±0.3)% of the total vegetation and soil carbon pools globally. The creation and maintenance of these new pools has been associated with high emissions of CO2, which are currently better understood than the processes associated with the dynamics of these pools and accompanying uptake of carbon. Predictions of the future trajectories of the global carbon cycle will require a much better understanding of how urban development affects the carbon cycle over the long term.

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Effects of Elevated Body Temperature on Control of Breathing

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Physiological Responses of Slow-Growing Chickens under Diurnally Cycling Temperature in a Hot Environment

Physiological Responses of Slow-Growing Chickens under Diurnally Cycling Temperature in a Hot Environment

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

The Role of Urbanization in the Global Carbon Cycle

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