Effects of endophytic fungi on the ash dieback pathogen

Schlegel, Markus; Dubach, Vivanne; Buol, Larissa von; Sieber, Thomas N.

doi:10.1093/femsec/fiw142

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Outside the native range of trees (Fraxinus ornus L., Fagus sylvatica L.), they harbor distinct species diversities compared to native range where more host-specific fungi can be observed [139,140]. Some dominant fungal endophytes show a strong host specificity (e.g., Venturia fraxini Aderh., [136,141,142]. These results suggest that diverse forest ecosystems, due to site-specific factors (climate, host species and latitude), have an effect on the species distribution and frequency of fungal endophytes [86,135].…”

Section: Aerial Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…However, in applying endophytes to forest management practices, diverse challenges still have to be overcome. Schlegel et al [142] suggested that the mechanism for the potential impact of endophytes and epiphytes on the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz & Hosoya could be through resource competition, toxin secretion or activation of plant defenses. But the long-term effect of the endophytic fungi against H. fraxineus could not be observed [142].…”

Section: Prospects For Translational Applications Of the Knowledge Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schlegel et al [142] suggested that the mechanism for the potential impact of endophytes and epiphytes on the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz & Hosoya could be through resource competition, toxin secretion or activation of plant defenses. But the long-term effect of the endophytic fungi against H. fraxineus could not be observed [142]. In several studies, in vitro antagonism assays revealed antagonistic effects of endophytic fungi towards pathogens [20,66,252,267,274].…”

Section: Prospects For Translational Applications Of the Knowledge Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest Tree Microbiomes and Associated Fungal Endophytes: Functional Roles and Impact on Forest Health

Terhonen

Blumenstein

Kovalchuk

et al. 2019

Forests

172

113

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Terrestrial plants including forest trees are generally known to live in close association with microbial organisms. The inherent features of this close association can be commensalism, parasitism or mutualism. The term “microbiota” has been used to describe this ecological community of plant-associated pathogenic, mutualistic, endophytic and commensal microorganisms. Many of these microbiota inhabiting forest trees could have a potential impact on the health of, and disease progression in, forest biomes. Comparatively, studies on forest tree microbiomes and their roles in mutualism and disease lag far behind parallel work on crop and human microbiome projects. Very recently, our understanding of plant and tree microbiomes has been enriched due to novel technological advances using metabarcoding, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics approaches. In addition, the availability of massive DNA databases (e.g., NCBI (USA), EMBL (Europe), DDBJ (Japan), UNITE (Estonia)) as well as powerful computational and bioinformatics tools has helped to facilitate data mining by researchers across diverse disciplines. Available data demonstrate that plant phyllosphere bacterial communities are dominated by members of only a few phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes). In bulk forest soil, the dominant fungal group is Basidiomycota, whereas Ascomycota is the most prevalent group within plant tissues. The current challenge, however, is how to harness and link the acquired knowledge on microbiomes for translational forest management. Among tree-associated microorganisms, endophytic fungal biota are attracting a lot of attention for their beneficial health- and growth-promoting effects, and were preferentially discussed in this review.

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Section: Aerial Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Prospects For Translational Applications Of the Knowledge Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prospects For Translational Applications Of the Knowledge Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Forest Tree Microbiomes and Associated Fungal Endophytes: Functional Roles and Impact on Forest Health

Terhonen

Blumenstein

Kovalchuk

et al. 2019

Forests

172

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Interestingly, old trees that had been pollarded some decades ago are less affected than other more recently or not at all pollarded veteran trees [39]. Although some fungal ash endophytes with high in vitro antagonistic activity against H. fraxineus have been identified [93][94][95][96], an influence of endophytic mycobiomes on the health status of ash trees (i.e. the susceptibility to ash dieback) or on the establishment of the pathogen has not yet been demonstrated [77,94,96,97].…”

Section: Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

Enderle¹,

Stenlid²,

Vasaitis³

2019

CABI Reviews

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Ash dieback, caused by the invasive fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has become a serious threat to ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) and ash-related ecosystems in Europe. The fast emergence and expansion of this new disease has called for an intensive investigation, which resulted in a large number of research projects in Europe. Recently, as a result of the European cooperation and exchange programme FRAXBACK, numerous reports containing detailed information about the situation of ash dieback in different countries and related research have been published. For this review, we performed a systematic analysis of these country reports. We focussed on differences and similarities between European regions and countries regarding the importance, genetics and resistance of ash, the spread, monitoring, impact and management of the disease and on factors that have an influence on its severity. By including most recent scientific literature, this review provides a concise yet substantial overview about ash and ash dieback in Europe.

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“…Another factor that may affect spread through the petiole is competition from endophytic fungi that may be present in the petioles (Cross et al, 2016;Scholtysik, Unterseher, Otto, & Wirth, 2013). Evidence from in vitro experiments showed that particular fungi may limit the spread (Schulz, Haas, Junker, Andrée, & Schobert, 2015;Haňáčková, Havrdová, Černý, Zahradník, & Koukol, 2017) and even the germination of H. fraxineus (Schlegel, Dubach, von Buol, & Sieber, 2016). However, their protective effect in vivo remains unclear, and H. fraxineus appears to hold an advantage due to its early and immense sporulation pressure (Cross et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct evidence of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infection pathway through the petiole‐shoot junction

et al. 2017

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The symptoms of ash dieback caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus include wilting of the foliage followed by dieback of shoots, twigs and branches. Necroses in shoots are assumed to develop after infection through leaf petioles; however, clear evidence of this infection pathway has not yet been provided. Considering the multiple pathogen genotypes in dead ash petioles, we aimed to obtain a spatial overview of all H. fraxineus genotypes colonizing individual shoots and their corresponding petioles before leaf shedding to acquire precise information about the infection biology of H. fraxineus and its ability to cross the petiole-shoot junction. Individual genotypes of H. fraxineus were characterized by the analysis of microsatellites using DNA extracted directly from petiole segments or cultures isolated from the segments. We detected 150 different multilocus genotypes in 10 analysed shoots and their respective petioles; the highest number of genotypes was eight for a single petiole and three for a single shoot. The genotypes of most shoot lesions were identical to particular genotypes from the proximal segments of petioles, implicating the main pathway of shoot infections. To test whether the amount of colonized substrate or intraspecific competition have an effect on successful infection, genotypes that reached the most proximal end of the petioles were scored for the number of invaded petiole segments and for the number of other H. fraxineus genotypes co-occurring in the segments. However, the extent of colonization of the scored genotypes and intraspecific competition with other H. fraxineus strains did not influence pathogen success in entering the shoot.This study confirms that the majority of ash shoot infections are caused by genotypes of H. fraxineus originating from petioles. Compared to petioles, the frequency of shoot colonization as well as number of H. fraxineus genotypes in shoots was much lower.

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Effects of endophytic fungi on the ash dieback pathogen

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Forest Tree Microbiomes and Associated Fungal Endophytes: Functional Roles and Impact on Forest Health

Forest Tree Microbiomes and Associated Fungal Endophytes: Functional Roles and Impact on Forest Health

An overview of ash ( Fraxinus spp.) and the ash dieback disease in Europe.

Direct evidence of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infection pathway through the petiole‐shoot junction

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