Effects of endotoxin and cytokines on lipid metabolism

Harðardóttir, Ingibjörg; Grünfeld, Carl; Feingold, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1097/00041433-199405030-00008

Cited by 285 publications

(210 citation statements)

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“…It has been shown that pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) [24,12], and enhance the lipolytic activity of endothelial lipase (EL) [25,26], Both these actions have been associated with low HDL-C levels during acute or chronic inflammatory states.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High interleukin-6 plasma levels are associated with low HDL-C levels in community-dwelling older adults: The InChianti study

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a growing level of attention has been devoted to the relationship between acute phase reaction (APR) and lipid metabolism, since it has been demonstrated that cytokines may affect both concentration and composition of plasma lipoproteins, including high density lipoproteins [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High interleukin-6 plasma levels are associated with low HDL-C levels in community-dwelling older adults: The InChianti study

et al. 2007

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“…2 Also, increased levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL and decreased levels of HDL and apo A have been associated with increased circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-a, IL-1, and IL-6. 50,51 In addition, high LDL levels are associated with increased oxidized LDL, which is linked to an increase in reactive oxygen species. 52,53 Reactive oxygen species cause DNA damage, activate oncogenes, and inactivate tumor suppressor genes, 54 all of which have been found to play a role in carcinogenesis, including biliary cancer.…”

Section: Table III -Odds Ratios (Ors) and 95% Confidence Intervals (Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum lipid levels and the risk of biliary tract cancers and biliary stones: A population‐based study in China

Andreotti

Chen

Gao

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Biliary tract cancers, encompassing the gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts and ampulla of Vater, are rare but highly fatal malignancies. Gallstones, the predominant risk factor for biliary cancers, are linked with hyperlipidemia. As part of a populationbased case-control study conducted in Shanghai, China, we examined the associations of serum lipid levels with biliary stones and cancers. We included 460 biliary cancer cases (264 gallbladder, 141 extrahepatic bile duct, and 55 ampulla of Vater), 981 biliary stone cases and 858 healthy individuals randomly selected from the population. Participants completed an in-person interview and gave overnight fasting blood samples. Participants in the highest quintile of triglycerides (≥160 mg/dl) had a 1.4-fold risk of biliary stones (95% CI 5 1.1-1.9), a 1.9-fold risk of gallbladder cancer (95% CI 5 1.3-2.8), and a 4.8-fold risk of bile duct cancer (95% CI 5 2.8-8.1), compared to the reference group (third quintile: 90-124 mg/dl). Participants in the lowest quintile of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (<30 mg/dl) had a 4.2-fold risk of biliary stones (95% CI 5 3.0-6.0), an 11.6-fold risk of gallbladder cancer (95% CI 5 7.3-18.5), and a 16.8-fold risk of bile duct cancer (95% CI 5 9.1-30.9), relative to the reference group (third quintile: 40-49 mg/dl). In addition, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein A (apo A) were inversely associated with biliary stones; whereas low levels as well as high levels of total cholesterol, LDL, apo A and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were associated with excess risks of biliary tract cancers. Our findings support a role for serum lipids in gallstone development and biliary carcinogenesis. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: serum lipid levels; gallstones; biliary tract cancer Biliary tract cancers, consisting of tumors of the gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts and ampulla of Vater, are rare but highly fatal malignancies. 1,2 Gallstones are the most important known risk factor for all three biliary tract cancer subsites. Specifically, cholesterol gallstones (composed mainly of cholesterol) and mixed gallstones (composed of both cholesterol and bilirubin) are most strongly associated with gallbladder cancer. 2,3 Furthermore, cholesterol gallstones and gallbladder cancer share a number of putative risk factors, including obesity, high fat diet and hyperlipidemia. 2,4 Hyperlipidemia is generally characterized by high serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL), and low levels of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL). High triglycerides and low HDL have been most consistently associated with gallstones, whereas the associations of total cholesterol and LDL with gallstones are less consistent. [5][6][7] Cholesterol gallstone pathogenesis involves cholesterol saturation of the bile duct due to the hypersecretion of cholesterol from the liver 8 ; however, the exact role of individual lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins is less clear.Given the relationship between hyperlipidemia and gallsto...

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“…Some evidence suggests a possible role of insulin in stimulating acute-phase proteins (O'Riordain et al, 1995;Thompson et al, 1991) which have been directly related to intra-abdominal fat and inversely related to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Sites et al, 2002). HDL is considered a negative acute-phase protein (Malle et al, 1993) and has been found to be negatively associated to C-reactive protein (CRP) and acute and Glycemic index in chronic disease LS Augustin et al chronic inflammatory states (Bausserman et al, 1988;Rossner, 1978;Hardardottir et al, 1994). HDL may reduce the inflammatory response by binding to stimulated T cells thus blocking their interaction with monocytes and consequently inhibiting TNF-a and IL-1b (Hyka et al, 2001).…”

Section: The Glycemic Index In Coronary Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

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Aim: The intent of this review is to critically analyze the scientific evidence on the role of the glycemic index in chronic Western disease and to discuss the utility of the glycemic index in the prevention and management of these disease states. Background: The glycemic index ranks foods based on their postprandial blood glucose response. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as their determinants (eg high energy intake, obesity, lack of physical activity) have been implicated in the etiology of diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. Recently, among dietary factors, carbohydrates have attracted much attention as a significant culprit, however, different types of carbohydrate produce varying glycemic and insulinemic responses. Low glycemic index foods, characterized by slowly absorbed carbohydrates, have been shown in some studies to produce beneficial effects on glucose control, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, blood lipids and satiety. Method: Studies on the short and long-term metabolic effects of diets with different glycemic indices will be presented and discussed. The review will focus primarily on clinical and epidemiological data, and will briefly discuss in vitro and animal studies related to possible mechanisms by which the glycemic index may influence chronic disease.

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Effects of endotoxin and cytokines on lipid metabolism

Cited by 285 publications

References 0 publications

High interleukin-6 plasma levels are associated with low HDL-C levels in community-dwelling older adults: The InChianti study

High interleukin-6 plasma levels are associated with low HDL-C levels in community-dwelling older adults: The InChianti study

Serum lipid levels and the risk of biliary tract cancers and biliary stones: A population‐based study in China

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

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