Effects of energy supplements on the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells

Su, Rongguo; BoHui, Wang; Zhang, Min; Luo, Yulong; Wang, Debao; Zhao, Lihua; Su, Lin; Duan, Yan; Faucitano, L.; Jin, Yufeng

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2001

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…SMSCs, a type of stem-like cells with myogenic and lipogenic differentiation capabilities, play an important role in the development and repair of muscle tissues. Autophagy is a key regulatory process in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and homeostasis, which can activate the differentiation of SMSCs 18 , 32 , 33 . Different degrees of autophagy have different effects on cell metabolism, and it may also have different effects on the differentiation function of SMSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different levels of autophagy induced by transient serum starvation regulate metabolism and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells

Wang

Gao

Fan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of autophagy induced by transient serum starvation on the metabolism, lipid metabolism, and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) to preliminary elucidate the role and function of autophagy in the regulatory network of skeletal muscle development. Different levels of autophagy were induced by controlling the serum concentration in the culture system for 24 h. Apoptosis, membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATP, and myogenic and lipogenic differentiation markers were monitored to determine if autophagy affected the metabolism and differentiation of SMSCs. Autophagy was induced in SMSCs via serum starvation (5%, 15%), as evidenced by decreased p62 and mTOR phosphorylation levels and increased LC3B lipidation and AMPK phosphorylation levels. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of autophagosomes, and the rates of morphologically abnormal nuclei and mitochondria gradually increased with the decrease in serum concentration, the number of autophagic lysosomes also increased, indicating that 5% serum starvation induced severe autophagy, while 15% serum starvation induced mild autophagy. Compared with the control group and 15% serum-starved SMSCs, SMSCs undergoing 5% serum starvation had the highest intracellular ATP and ROS levels, the highest percentage of apoptotic cells, and the lowest membrane potential. The 15% serum-starved SMSCs had the highest membrane potential, but the percentage of apoptotic cells did not change significantly compared with the control group. The levels of the myogenic markers MyoD1 and MHC were significantly higher in 15% serum-starved SMSCs than in serum-sufficient SMSCs and the lowest in the 5% serum-starved SMSCs. The lipid contents (measured by Oil Red O staining and quantification of triglycerides) and lipogenic markers Peroxisome Proliferators-activated Receptors γ and Lipoprotein Lipase were also significantly higher in SMSCs undergoing 15% serum starvation than in the control group, and the lowest in the 5% serum-starved SMSCs. Different levels of starvation stress induce different levels of autophagy. Mild autophagy induced by moderate serum starvation promotes the metabolism and differentiation of SMSCs, while severe autophagy renders SMSCs more apoptotic, abnormal metabolism and suppresses SMSC differentiation into adipocytes or myocytes, and reduces lipid metabolisms. Our study suggests that autophagy plays a role in skeletal muscle development and may help design strategies for improving meat production traits in domestic pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different levels of autophagy induced by transient serum starvation regulate metabolism and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells

Wang

Gao

Fan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…In addition to cell morphology observations, we also performed fluorescent staining of SMSC marker genes (paired box 7 [ Pax7 ], MyoD ), and according to the method of Su et al [ 22 ] with slight modifications. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on fixed cultured cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sheep slaughter age on myogenic characteristics in skeletal muscle satellite cells

Han

Su³

et al. 2022

Anim Biosci

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Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sheep slaughter age on myogenic characteristics in skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs).Methods: Primary SMSCs were isolated from hind leg biceps femoris muscles of Wurank lambs (slaughtered at three months, Mth-3) and adults (slaughtered at fifteen months, Mth-15). SMSCs were selected by morphological observation and fluorescence staining. Myogenic Regulatory Factors (MRF) and Myosin Heavy Chain (MyHC) expressions of SMSCs were analyzed on days 1, 3, 4, and 5. Results:The expressions of Myf5, MyoD, Myf6, and MyoG in Mth-15 were significantly higher than in Mth-3 on days 1, 3, and 4 (p<0.05). However, MyoG expression in Mth-15 was significantly lower than in Mth-3 on day 5 (p<0.05). The expressions of MyHC I, MyHC IIa, A c c e p t e dA r t i c l e 3 and MyHC IIx in Mth-15 were significantly higher than in Mth-3 on days 1 and 3 (p<0.05), and MyHC IIb were significantly lower than in Mth-3 on days 3 and 4 (p<0.05). In contrast, the expression of MyHC IIx in Mth-15 was significantly lower and MyHC IIb was significantly higher than in Mth-3 on days 5 (p<0.05). Conclusion:The slaughter age altered the expression of MRFs and MyHCs in SMSCs while differentiation, which caused the variation of myogenic characteristics, and thus may affect the meat quality of Wurank sheep.

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“…MHC genes are expressed in response to activated AMPK, which phosphorylates and retains class IIA HDACs outside the myonucleus [ 18 ]. A previous study found that the level of AMPK phosphorylation (Thr172), possibly indicating variation in energy, changes in response to exercise, and AICAR has been found in vitro to activate AMPK and stimulate the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells and found in vivo to induce the myogenic formation of satellite cells [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promotion of Migration and Myogenic Differentiation in Skeletal Muscle Cells by Quercetin and Underlying Mechanisms

Hour

Chuu

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Aging and muscle disorders frequently cause a decrease in myoblast migration and differentiation, leading to losses in skeletal muscle function and regeneration. Several studies have reported that natural flavonoids can stimulate muscle development. Quercetin, one such flavonoid found in many vegetables and fruits, has been used to promote muscle development. In this study, we investigated the effect of quercetin on migration and differentiation, two processes critical to muscle regeneration. We found that quercetin induced the migration and differentiation of mouse C2C12 cells. These results indicated quercetin could induce myogenic differentiation at the early stage through activated p-IGF-1R. The molecular mechanisms of quercetin include the promotion of myogenic differentiation via activated transcription factors STAT3 and the AKT signaling pathway. In addition, we demonstrated that AKT activation is required for quercetin induction of myogenic differentiation to occur. In addition, quercetin was found to promote myoblast migration by regulating the ITGB1 signaling pathway and activating phosphorylation of FAK and paxillin. In conclusion, quercetin can potentially be used to induce migration and differentiation and thus improve muscle regeneration.

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Effects of energy supplements on the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Different levels of autophagy induced by transient serum starvation regulate metabolism and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells

Different levels of autophagy induced by transient serum starvation regulate metabolism and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells

Effects of sheep slaughter age on myogenic characteristics in skeletal muscle satellite cells

The Promotion of Migration and Myogenic Differentiation in Skeletal Muscle Cells by Quercetin and Underlying Mechanisms

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