Effects of Engine Speed on Spray Behaviors of the Engine Combustion Network “Spray G” Gasoline Injector

Gutierrez, Luis G.; Mansfield, Andrew B.; Fatouraie, Mohammad; Assanis, Dimitris; Singh, Ripudaman; Lacey, Joshua; Brear, Michael J.; Wooldridge, Margaret S.

doi:10.4271/2018-01-0305

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Sphicas et al [21] have implemented front view Mie-scattering in the study of spray collapse at non-flashing conditions for ECN spray-G. Mojtabi [29] studied plume to plume interaction under flash boiling conditions on GDI injectors solely from front view. Gutierrez [30] studied ECN spray-G morphology in a single cylinder engine under flash boiling conditions using front view Mie-scattering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of spray collapse phenomenon at flash boiling conditions using simultaneous front and side view imaging

Mohan

Sim

et al. 2020

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Flash boiling has become a topic of interest to researchers due to its potential of achieving good fuel atomization and negative influence on GDI engine emissions when spray collapses and spray-wall impingement exists. Under flash boiling conditions, the accompanying spray collapse phenomenon and plume interaction are not clearly elucidated. Simultaneous side view diffused back illumination (DBI) and front view Mie-scattering were implemented in this work to capture transient plume to plume interaction of iso-octane fuel spray from a 10 hole gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector at flash boiling conditions. Fuel temperature and ambient gas pressure were varied in a wide range to cover collapse, transitional and non-flashing regimes. Two new criteria named 'spray collapse percentage', defined based on the front view Mie-scattering technique and 'optical thickness' based on the side view DBI

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of spray collapse phenomenon at flash boiling conditions using simultaneous front and side view imaging

Mohan

Sim

et al. 2020

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Through the use of PIV and volumetric Mie scatter imaging, the effects of in-cylinder flow velocity and bulk gas density were investigated for early injection Spray G conditions in an optical research engine. Extending the available research of early injection Spray G from generic test cases in constant volume chambers and bottom-view spray morphology investigations in more realistic engine conditions, 23 this work provides a more complete characterization of the spray morphology and the blueprint for future investigations to help increase efficiency and reduce emissions in DISI engine combustion through the following conclusions:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The influence of in-cylinder flows and bulk gas density on early Spray G injection in an optical research engine

Welch

Schmidt

Geschwindner

et al. 2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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A well-characterized multi-hole gasoline injector, the Engine Combustion Network’s (ECN) Spray G injector, was investigated in an optically accessible research engine under four motored operating conditions with early injection. The experiments were conducted at intake pressures of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], nearly matching the ECN’s standard early injection operating conditions, Spray G2 (flash boiling) and Spray G3 (early injection), respectively. This was combined with two engine speeds at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Using particle image velocimetry and volumetric Mie scatter imaging, the in-cylinder flows were evaluated and the effects on the spray morphology were characterized. The in-cylinder flow was evaluated to understand the spray-flow interaction, including the turbulent kinetic energy. Little effect on turbulent energy was observed in the region examined near the exit of the fuel injector nozzle shortly after injection. Mie scatter imaging was used to characterize the spray morphology and wall wetting was clearly visible on the spark plug. Cyclic variability of the sprays was found to be insignificant; and major differences in spray morphology are attributed to the in-cylinder velocity and intake pressure at the time of injection. Decreasing the bulk gas density by decreasing the intake pressure had a number of effects on the evolution of the spray including faster evaporation, increased axial liquid penetration, and decreased spray angle. Increasing the in-cylinder flow magnitudes by increasing the engine speed had a similar effect on spray morphology by also increasing the evaporation rate, increasing the axial penetration, and decreasing the spray opening angle. Comparison of the motored spray cases with a no-flow case (when the fuel is sprayed into the engine without the piston present) further illustrated the extent to which the intake flow influenced the spray shape.

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“…The interaction between spray plumes of multi-hole injectors is of great interest. For the same injector as used in this work (ECN Spray G), Gutierrez et al 18 showed that the interaction is stronger when the injection is initiated during the intake stroke than it is in the nearly quiescent environment of a constant volume chamber (CVC). The spray may collapse not only at low in-cylinder pressures, due to flash boiling, but also at increased ambient pressures, 19,20 conditions which occur during the late injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of the interaction of Spray G and in-cylinder flow in two optical engines for late gasoline direct injection

Geschwindner

Kranz

Welch

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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An investigation of the interaction between the in-cylinder flow and the spray topology in two spray-guided direct injection optical engines is reported. The bulk flow field in the combustion chamber is characterized using particle image velocimetry. Geometrical parameters such as the axial penetration and the spray angle of the liquid spray are measured using Mie scatter imaging and/or diffuse back-illumination. The measured parameters are compared with data from a constant volume chamber available in the literature. For a late injection strategy, the so-called ECN Spray G standard condition, the mean values of the spray penetration do not seem to be significantly perturbed by the in-cylinder flow motion until the plumes approach the piston surface. However, spray probability maps reveal that cycle-to-cycle fluctuations of the spatial distribution of the liquid spray are affected by the magnitude of the in-cylinder flow. Particle image velocimetry during injection shows that the flow field in the vicinity of the spray plumes is heavily influenced by air entrainment, and that an upward flow in-between spray plumes develops. Consistent with previous research that demonstrated the importance of the latter flow structure for the prevention of spray collapse, it is found that increased in-cylinder flow magnitudes due to increased intake valve lifts or engine speeds enhance the spray-shape stability. Compared with cases without injection, the influence of the spray on the in-cylinder flow field is still noticeable approximately 2.5 ms after the start of injection.

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Effects of Engine Speed on Spray Behaviors of the Engine Combustion Network “Spray G” Gasoline Injector

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Study of spray collapse phenomenon at flash boiling conditions using simultaneous front and side view imaging

Study of spray collapse phenomenon at flash boiling conditions using simultaneous front and side view imaging

The influence of in-cylinder flows and bulk gas density on early Spray G injection in an optical research engine

Analysis of the interaction of Spray G and in-cylinder flow in two optical engines for late gasoline direct injection

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