Effects of environmental factors and landscape features on movement patterns of Florida black bears

Karelus, Dana L.; McCown, J. Walter; Scheick, Brian K.; Kerk, Madelon van de; Oli, Madan K.

doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyx066

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…A second peak in movement occurred during the hyperphagia season, when bears travelled great distances to store enough fat for hibernation and reproduction (Fernández et al , ). However, adult bear movement was reduced towards the late hyperphagia, likely as a preparation to hibernation (Karelus et al , ), while sub‐adult bear movement continued to increase, probably due to a combination of their lack of experience in coping with the spatio‐temporal stochasticity in natural forage production (Baruch‐Mordo et al , ) and the disturbances caused by hunting activities (Maiorano et al , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult males in contrast had the highest activity rates, highest speeds, and largest daily core areas and home ranges, which was likely a result of their need to roam for mating (Lewis & Rachlow, ) and their less philopatric behaviour compared to females. The intermediate activity rates of sub‐adult males and the high variation in their home ranges were likely a result of their inexperience in utilizing in the best way the available resources (Karelus et al , ), higher tolerance of humans (MacHutchon et al , ) and an active attempt to avoid intra‐specific agonistic interactions (Reimchen, ). Large home ranges for sub‐adult males have also been recorded in other human‐dominated landscapes in Europe [e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced movement of wildlife in Mediterranean landscapes: a case study of brown bears in Greece

Hernando

Karamanlidis

Grivas³

et al. 2020

Journal of Zoology

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The survival of large carnivores in a rapidly changing, human-modified world depends largely on their movements; therefore, understanding how movement patterns change within space and time and which factors affect them most is of paramount importance for their conservation. In a case study in Greece using brown bears Ursus arctos, we evaluated the movement ecology of a recovering population in a Mediterranean landscape, where human activity is high. We found that during daytime bears moved less when ambient temperatures were high and when they were far away from forests and close to settlements, where human activity is expected to be high. During night-time, when human activity and mortality risk are expected to be low, bear movement was higher farther from forested areas, close to roads, and in less rough terrain. Although bear movement patterns in Greece were generally similar to those of other bear populations in Europe, home ranges were smaller than in northern populations. These findings indicate that increased human activity and high ambient temperatures reduce bear movement and ultimately contribute to the smaller home ranges in the warmer and human-dominated Mediterranean landscapes. We suggest that management and conservation actions in Mediterranean landscapes should aim on separating humans and bears in space or time, so that bear movements are not constrained and, in turn, minimum home ranges that cover their essential requirements are guaranteed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced movement of wildlife in Mediterranean landscapes: a case study of brown bears in Greece

Hernando

Karamanlidis

Grivas³

et al. 2020

Journal of Zoology

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“…For example, advances in telemetry and use of cameras have greatly increased the number of studies conducted on carnivorans and ungulates (Table 1). GPS collars permit analyses of how cover types and landscape elements are used by quantifying movement rates and paths (e.g., Karelus et al 2017). Cameras allow photographic documentation of multiple animals, are not as limited as traps in the variety of species that can be detected, and can operate continually for long intervals of time without needing to be checked (e.g., Astete et al 2017).…”

Section: Habitat Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in population ecology and species interactions in mammals

Kelt

Heske

Lambin

et al. 2019

Journal of Mammalogy

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The study of mammals has promoted the development and testing of many ideas in contemporary ecology. Here we address recent developments in foraging and habitat selection, source–sink dynamics, competition (both within and between species), population cycles, predation (including apparent competition), mutualism, and biological invasions. Because mammals are appealing to the public, ecological insight gleaned from the study of mammals has disproportionate potential in educating the public about ecological principles and their application to wise management. Mammals have been central to many computational and statistical developments in recent years, including refinements to traditional approaches and metrics (e.g., capture-recapture) as well as advancements of novel and developing fields (e.g., spatial capture-recapture, occupancy modeling, integrated population models). The study of mammals also poses challenges in terms of fully characterizing dynamics in natural conditions. Ongoing climate change threatens to affect global ecosystems, and mammals provide visible and charismatic subjects for research on local and regional effects of such change as well as predictive modeling of the long-term effects on ecosystem function and stability. Although much remains to be done, the population ecology of mammals continues to be a vibrant and rapidly developing field. We anticipate that the next quarter century will prove as exciting and productive for the study of mammals as has the recent one.

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“…American black bears (Ursus americanus) are omnivorous habitat generalists (Karelus et al, 2017;Moeller et al, 2017). In the United States, they use a wide range of habitats and food sources in forested, rural and residential areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenes at the human–wildlife interface: black bears (Ursus americanus) as potential vehicles for Listeria

Parsons

Niedermeyer

Gould

et al. 2019

Microbial Biotechnology

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Summary Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of the foodborne illness listeriosis, which can result in severe symptoms and death in susceptible humans and other animals. L. monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and isolates from food and food processing, and clinical sources have been extensively characterized. However, limited information is available on L. monocytogenes from wildlife, especially from urban or suburban settings. As urban and suburban areas are expanding worldwide, humans are increasingly encroaching into wildlife habitats, enhancing the frequency of human–wildlife contacts and associated pathogen transfer events. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in 231 wild black bear capture events between 2014 and 2017 in urban and suburban sites in North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia and United States, with samples derived from 183 different bears. Of the 231 captures, 105 (45%) yielded L. monocytogenes either alone or together with other Listeria. Analysis of 501 samples, primarily faeces, rectal and nasal swabs for Listeria spp., yielded 777 isolates, of which 537 (70%) were L. monocytogenes. Most L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited serotypes commonly associated with human disease: serotype 1/2a or 3a (57%), followed by the serotype 4b complex (33%). Interestingly, approximately 50% of the serotype 4b isolates had the IVb‐v1 profile, associated with emerging clones of L. monocytogenes. Thus, black bears may serve as novel vehicles for L. monocytogenes, including potentially emerging clones. Our results have significant public health implications as they suggest that the ursine host may preferentially select for L. monocytogenes of clinically relevant lineages over the diverse listerial populations in the environment. These findings also help to elucidate the ecology of L. monocytogenes and highlight the public health significance of the human–wildlife interface.

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Effects of environmental factors and landscape features on movement patterns of Florida black bears

Cited by 38 publications

References 100 publications

Reduced movement of wildlife in Mediterranean landscapes: a case study of brown bears in Greece

Reduced movement of wildlife in Mediterranean landscapes: a case study of brown bears in Greece

Advances in population ecology and species interactions in mammals

Listeria monocytogenes at the human–wildlife interface: black bears (Ursus americanus) as potential vehicles for Listeria

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