“…Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) fillers release multiple ions (e.g., fluoride, borate, silicate, aluminum, sodium, and strontium) 5) ; various bioactive effects by these released ions have been reported for the suppression of bacterial adhesion [6][7][8][9] , biofilm formation 10,11) , prevention of demineralization [12][13][14] , and enhancement of remineralization 15,16) . As noted above, Sr and F ions are expected to provide a preventive effect with respect to caries.…”