Effects of FDM parameters and annealing on the mechanical and tribological properties of PEEK

He, Ya‐Ling; Shen, Mowei; Wang, Qihua; Wang, Tingmei; Pei, Xianqiang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.116901

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For CF/PEEK composite material with fiber concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 wt%, the contact interface between adjacent filaments can hardly be found on the cross‐section owing to the mutual diffusion of molecular chains in adjacent filaments in deposited material driven by sufficient heat energy at a high ambient temperature of 200 °C, indicating strong filament/filament interfacial adhesion and interlayer bonding. This is consistent with the result that insufficient melting of adjacent filaments caused by low ambient temperature led to weak interfacial bonding 29 . However, unevenly dispersed CFs and unsatisfactory filament/filament interface quality were obviously found on the fractured surface of 30 wt% CF/PEEK composites due to high viscosity, which inevitably affected the composites' mechanical properties.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This is consistent with the result that insufficient melting of adjacent filaments caused by low ambient temperature led to weak interfacial bonding. 29 However, unevenly dispersed CFs and unsatisfactory filament/filament interface quality were obviously found on the fractured surface of 30 wt% CF/PEEK composites due to high viscosity, which inevitably affected the composites' mechanical properties. In addition, unlike filaments, due to the high shear extrusion of the melt in the nozzle, uniformly distributed fibers highly oriented in the printing direction were well wrapped by PEEK matrix for 5 wt% CF/PEEK composites, showing the robust fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion.…”

Section: Microstructure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of the microstructure and tribological behavior of polyether ether ketone composites fabricated by extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

Lv,

Yang,

Pei

et al. 2024

Polymer International

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Carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) composites are widely used as tribo‐materials in aerospace and automotive industry. To amplify the industrial utilization of extrusion‐based additive manufacturing fused deposition modeling (FDM) in fabricating CF/PEEK tribo‐composites, the composites' microstructure‐property relationship was studied with respect to carbon fiber content varied between 5 wt% and 30 wt%. It was revealed the incorporation of carbon fibers helped enhance the mechanical strength of PEEK greatly with an optimal content of 5 wt%, at which the composite material exhibited the highest crystallinity as well as the best mechanical performance. Tribological tests indicated that CF/PEEK composites were more suitable for high speed and heavy load conditions especially for 20 wt% CF/PEEK, which was associated with the establishment of high quality transfer films covered on counter steel surfaces. The present work provides a simple and low cost way of fabricating high performance PEEK composites used as tribo‐materials.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Microstructure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the microstructure and tribological behavior of polyether ether ketone composites fabricated by extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

Lv,

Yang,

Pei

et al. 2024

Polymer International

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“…Previous studies by scholars [116,117] have concluded that higher print speeds affect the bonding of the extruded filament material to the previous filament. The bonding quality between neighboring filaments deteriorates, leading to the formation of more defects.…”

Section: Print Speedmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The porous structure formed by the FDM process is the main factor affecting the dielectric properties of printed materials [112]. The presence of pores reduces the dielectric constant and breakdown strength of the material [113,114], while also affecting the mechanical properties of the material [115,116]. Therefore, optimization of FDM printing parameters can improve the comprehensive performance of dielectric composites.…”

Section: Fdm 3d Printing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Polymer-Based Dielectric Composites Prepared Using Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

Hu,

Sansi Seukep,

Senthooran

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Polymer-based dielectric composites are of great importance in advanced electronic industries and energy storage because of their high dielectric constant, good processability, low weight, and low dielectric loss. FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is a greatly accessible additive manufacturing technology, which has a number of applications in the fabrication of RF components, but the unavoidable porosity in FDM 3D-printed materials, which affects the dielectric properties of the materials, and the difficulty of large-scale fabrication of composites by FDM limit its application scope. This study’s main focus is on how the matrix, filler, interface, and FDM 3D printing parameters influence the electrical properties of FDM-printed polymer-based dielectric composites. This review article starts with the fundamental theory of dielectrics. It is followed by a summary of the factors influencing dielectric properties in recent research developments, as well as a projection for the future development of FDM-prepared polymer-based dielectric composites. Finally, improving the comprehensive performance of dielectric composites is an important direction for future development.

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“…Therefore, material, annealing, and printing conditions should be considered before deciding to use annealing as a treatment. The effectiveness of annealing mainly depends on the annealing time and temperature [ 43 ], and different materials may respond differently to the process. Most studies have focused on PLA materials, but other materials such as ABS, PETG, PLACF, PETGCF, and PEEK, among others, have also been explored [ 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on the Impact of Layer Height and Annealing Parameters on the Tensile Strength and Dimensional Accuracy of FDM 3D Printed Parts

Stojković,

Turudija,

Vitković

et al. 2023

Materials

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This study investigates the impact of annealing time, temperature, and layer height on the tensile strength and dimensional change of three 3D printing materials (PLA, PETG, and carbon fiber-reinforced PETG). Samples with varying layer heights (0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.3 mm) were annealed at temperatures ranging from 60–100 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min. Tensile tests were conducted, and regression models were developed to analyze the effects of these parameters on tensile strength. The models exhibited high accuracy, with a maximum deviation of only 5% from measured validation values. The models showed that layer height has a significantly bigger influence on tensile strength than annealing time and temperature. Optimal combinations of parameters were identified for each material, with PLA performing best at 0.1 mm/60 min/90 °C and PETG and PETGCF achieving optimal tensile strength at 0.1 mm/90 min/60 °C. PETGCF demonstrated smallest dimensional change after annealing and had the best modulus of elasticity of all the materials. The study employed experimental testing and regression models to assess the results across multiple materials under consistent conditions, contributing valuable insights to the ongoing discussion on the influence of annealing in 3D-printed parts.

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Effects of FDM parameters and annealing on the mechanical and tribological properties of PEEK

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

An investigation of the microstructure and tribological behavior of polyether ether ketone composites fabricated by extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

An investigation of the microstructure and tribological behavior of polyether ether ketone composites fabricated by extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

Progress of Polymer-Based Dielectric Composites Prepared Using Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

An Experimental Study on the Impact of Layer Height and Annealing Parameters on the Tensile Strength and Dimensional Accuracy of FDM 3D Printed Parts

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