Effects of feedingFusarium fujikuroiculture material containing known levels of moniliformin in turkey poults

Abstract

Poults fed 100 mg M/kg or greater had lower (P<0.05) feed intakes than controls. Decreased body weight gains were observed in poults fed diets containing 100 mg M/kg or higher. In contrast, feed conversion was only affected (P< 0.05) at dietary levels of 200 mg M/kg feed or higher. Increased heart weights (P< 0.05) were observed in poults fed greater than or equal to 50 mg M/kg. Gross lesions of M toxicity were a generalized cardiomegaly. Histopathology revealed focally extensive to generalized loss of cardiomyocyte cross striations (granular change) and numerous large cardiomyocyte nuclei in poults fed greater than or equal to 50 and 100 mg M/kg, respectively. Results indicated that Fusarium fujikuroi culture material containing moniliformin at greater than or equal to 50 mg M/kg is toxic to turkey poults.

Individual and Combined Effects of the Fusarium Mycotoxins Fumonisin B1and Moniliformin in Broiler Chicks

“…As in previous studies, the heart was the primary target organ of M toxicity in the current study. Lesions (large pleomorphic cardiomyocyte nuclei and a loss of cardiomyocyte cross striations) observed in the hearts of chicks fed M were similar to those observed in previous studies (4,8,29). In a titration study by Ledoux et al (22), enlarged and rounded cardiomyocyte nuclei and loss of cardiomyocyte cross striations occurred at 75 and 200 mg M/kg, respectively, in broilers.…”

“…Levels as low as 50 mg M/kg fed to broilers (8,22) have resulted in increased heart weights. Increased heart weights have been reported in turkeys fed 20 (29), 25 (8), or 50 mg M/kg (4). In contrast to turkeys and broilers, an increase in relative heart weights was not observed in laying hens fed 50 or 100 mg M/kg for 112 days (19).…”

“…In the present study, the 200 mg M/kg diet resulted in increased liver and kidney weights and the 200 mg FB 1 /kg diet resulted in increased liver weights. Bermudez et al (4) suggested changes in liver weights of birds fed M alone could have resulted from impaired cardiac function rather than from a direct toxic effect of M on the liver. Similarly, in a M and FB 1 combination turkey study (3) 100 mg M/kg did not cause an increased liver weight, but 200 mg FB 1 /kg did.…”

“…The target organ of M in avian species is the heart (10). Levels as low as 50 mg M/kg fed to broilers (8,22) and turkeys (4,8) have resulted in increased relative heart weights. Decreases in body weight gain and feed intake occurred in broilers fed 100 mg M/kg (22) and turkeys fed 75 mg M/kg (4).…”

FUSARIUM VERTICILLIOIDES: MANAGING THE ENDOPHYTIC ASSOCIATION WITH MAIZE FOR REDUCED FUMONISINS ACCUMULATION

“…Specifically, FB 1 causes pulmonary edema in swine (Smith et al, 1996;Haschek et al, 2001), kidney toxicity in rats (Voss et al, 1989;Voss et al, 1990;Voss et al, 2001), cancer in mice and rats , and performance problems in poultry related to reduced immunity (Marijanovic Fusarium Verticillioides 413 et al, 1991;Weibking et al, 1993;Bermudez et al, 1995;Bermudez et al, 1997a;Bermudez et al, 1997b). Human consumption of F. verticillioides-contaminated maize is correlated with esophageal cancer (Marasas, 1993).…”