Effects of filtered fresh air ventilation on classroom indoor air and biomarkers in saliva and nasal samples: A randomized crossover intervention study in preschool children

Gao, Xuehuan; Xu, Yanyi; Yue, Cai; Shi, Jingjin; Chen, Feier; Lin, Zhijing; Chen, Tianyi; Xia, Yongde; Shi, Wenming; Zhao, Zhuohui

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108749

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It was found that amount of particulate matter was inversely associated to saliva lysozyme, a non-specific immune biomarker. 125 Increase in pollution causes increased risk of asthma in children. 126 Recommendation:…”

Section: Fresh Air and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Immunity and Health in Neonates and Infants

Singh

Kaur

Gupta

et al. 2021

Journal of Neonatology

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Immunity is protective mechanism of the body against infection, diseases, and cancers. The stronger the immunity is the healthier we are. With increasing environmental change worldwide, increase of new emerging diseases and infection over last few decades, it has become imperative to move toward prevention more than the treatment. The immune mechanism in pediatric population especially neonates and infants is much different than adults and is yet evolving. The development of immunity starts in utero and is dependent on several factors. The various efforts to improve immunity and health should start from antenatal period focusing on overall health and nutrition of mother. Maternal nutrition, antenatal steroids, and delayed cord clamping are helpful in decreasing various neonatal morbidities which include respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and mortality. After birth during initial 6 months, exclusive breastfeeding, growth monitoring, primary immunization, developmentally supportive care, and care of infections are of utmost importance. After 6 months of age, a balanced approach toward introduction of complementary feeding, care of micronutrients, optimal environment, and inclusion of immunity enhancing foods in diet may have considerable benefits.

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Section: Fresh Air and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Immunity and Health in Neonates and Infants

Singh

Kaur

Gupta

et al. 2021

Journal of Neonatology

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“…Particulate matter is one of the key factors affecting the airborne bacterial concentration and community structure [19,20]. Several studies demonstrated that high-levels of PM2.5/PM10 were related to alterations in the human pharyngeal [21], nasal [22], and intestinal [23] microbiota composition. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 as the main component in air pollution disrupts the inherent balance of the human microbiota and may induce and aggravate respiratory diseases.…”

Section: Background and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of probiotics on nasal and intestinal microbiota in people with high exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study

Pei

Wang

et al. 2020

Trials

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Background Extended exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 changes the human microbiota profile, which in turn may increase morbidity and mortality due to respiratory system damage. A balanced microecosystem is crucial to human health, and certain health-related problems may be addressed by effective microecosystem regulation. Recent studies have confirmed that probiotics may reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases. However, few studies have investigated probiotic treatment outcomes in subjects exposed to high concentrations of PM2.5. Methods This study is designed as a prospective, randomized, participants- and assessor-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. One hundred and twenty eligible volunteers recruited from October 2019 to July 2020 in downtown Chengdu, China, will be treated with either probiotics or placebo over 4 consecutive weeks. The primary outcome will be 16SrRNA sequencing assay data from nasal and intestinal secretions. Secondary outcomes will be pulmonary function, score on a gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, COOP/WONCA charts, and the Short-Form Health Survey 36 for quality of life. Results will be analyzed to assess differences in clinical efficacy between groups. Six-month follow-up examinations will evaluate the long-term value of probiotics on cardiovascular and respiratory disease end-point events. Discussion We will explore the characteristics of nasal and intestinal microbiota in a population with high exposure to PM2.5. Probiotics and placebo interventions will be tested for efficacy in microbial balance regulation, effects on lung and physical functions, and quality of life improvement. This study is expected to provide reliable evidence to support the widespread promotion of probiotics in clinical practice for the protection of individuals with high exposure to PM2.5. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900025469. Registered on 27 August 2019.

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“…Air filtration is designed to protect such device components as heat exchangers, recuperators or fans against pollution, but at the same time is designed to improve the quality of air in buildings (Xuehuan et al, 2019). The issues of air filtration are explored by many researchers and all indicate that due to appropriate filtration it is possible to achieve satisfactory air quality, even when the outside air is heavily polluted (Xuehuan et al, 2019;Park et al, 2011). Studies show that, for example, PM2.5 air pollution inside rooms can be even several times smaller than outside.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Possibilities of Improving Environmental Conditions in Lecture Halls Using Mechanical Ventilation

Grzebielec

Szelągowski

Bruzi

2020

International Conference “Environmental Engineering”

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Didactic classes are conducted in lecture halls usually adapted from the technical side to present content. Audiovisual and sound systems are installed. Unfortunately, in many cases, classrooms are designed from the point of view of air conditioning and ventilation, just like office rooms. As a result, during classes, even in rooms where air conditioning occurs, the conditions change so unfavourably that both teacher and students experience discomfort. The work analyzes the change in temperature, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration and relative humidity in the room, where heat gains from people and equipment as well as moisture gains exceed design values. The work uses a channel-free Respireco recuperator with cyclic operation. First, the thermodynamic properties of the recuperator itself were checked, and then it was tested in a selected Polish primary school. The results show that this type of recuperators are able to provide correct indoor climatic conditions in lecture halls. The use of mechanical ventilation using a recuperator with a ceramic heat recovery caused the CO2 concentration in the room to drop by 50% during classes. However, PM2.5 concentration was maintained at a level three times lower than in a room without mechanical ventilation. It should therefore be concluded that the use of mechanical ventilation with recuperation not only reduces heating costs but also significantly improves air quality.

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Effects of filtered fresh air ventilation on classroom indoor air and biomarkers in saliva and nasal samples: A randomized crossover intervention study in preschool children

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Enhancement of Immunity and Health in Neonates and Infants

Enhancement of Immunity and Health in Neonates and Infants

Effect of probiotics on nasal and intestinal microbiota in people with high exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study

Analysis of the Possibilities of Improving Environmental Conditions in Lecture Halls Using Mechanical Ventilation

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