Effects of fish meal replacement with low‐gossypol cottonseed meal on the intestinal barrier of juvenile golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus )

Abstract

The effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with low-gossypol cottonseed meal (LCSM) on the intestinal barrier in different segments (PI, proximal intestine; MI, middle intestine; DI, distal intestine) were studied in juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) using 6-week feeding trials. FM of 0% (diet_1), 20% (diet_2), 40% (diet_3) and 60% (diet_4) was replaced by LCSM. The FM-based diet (diet_1) containing 25% FM was used as control group. The intestinal morphology, mRNA expression of tight junctionrelated genes (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-12), antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT, GPx, GR, CuZnSOD) and non-specific immune response-related genes (IL-8, TNFα, C4) and microbiota of different intestine segments were detected. The results showed that the number and length of microvilli and intestinal wall thickness decreased significantly in PI of diet_3 and diet_4 groups. Meanwhile, mRNA expression of Occludin, Clauding-12 and C4 was up-regulated in PI and DI of diet_3 group; the expression of GR and CuZnSOD was up-regulated in PI and MI with increasing LCSM replacement; the expression of TNFα was up-regulated in the three segments of diet_3 group. Further, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed a significant reduction in the richness and diversity of intestinal microbial in diet_3 and diet_4 groups. At the family level and genera level, the abundance of Nocardiaceae and Rhodococcus was up-regulated in the three segments of diet_3 and diet_4 groups respectively. These results suggested that the replacement of LCSM by more than 20% causes the intestinal barrier function of juvenile golden pompano to be affected. These provide a reference for sustainable aquaculture.

Dietary Fishmeal Can Be Partially Replaced with Non-Grain Compound Proteins through Evaluating the Growth, Biochemical Indexes, and Muscle Quality in Marine Teleost Trachinotus ovatus

“…Shen et al discovered that dietary FM could be reduced to 13.60% with cottonseed protein concentrate without affecting the weight gain rate [28]. However, Fu et al found that the replacement of more than 20% of FM in the diet by low-gossypol cottonseed meal resulted in impaired intestinal barrier function in golden pompano [29]. Similarly, Qin et al found that the use of cottonseed meal could only reduce the feed FM content to 20% without affecting the growth of golden pompano [30] and that the fish muscle nutritive deposition was negatively affected when the feed FM was below 15% [31].…”

Ferrous Ion Alleviates Lipid Deposition and Inflammatory Responses Caused by a High Cottonseed Meal Diet by Modulating Hepatic Iron Transport Homeostasis and Controlling Ferroptosis in Juvenile Ctenopharyngodon idellus

“…One strategy to promote the sustainable growth of aquaculture involves utilizing plant-derived byproducts to replace fishmeal. Cottonseed meal (CSM), a byproduct of cottonseed oil extraction, is widely used in aquatic feed due to its abundant availability, high protein content, and relatively low cost [4][5][6][7][8]. However, it contains anti-nutritional components that can be detrimental to animal health and performance if not appropriately managed, including free gossypol (FG), phytic acid, and tannins [9].…”

Effects of Dietary Fish Meal Replacement with Composite Mixture of Chicken Meal, Krill Meal, and Plant Proteins on Growth, Physiological Metabolism, and Intestinal Microbiota of Chinese Perch (Siniperca chuatsi)

“…Therefore, the search for protein sources to replace fish meal in aquafeed has become one of the highly researched topics in aquatic animal nutrition [3,4]. At present, alternative sources of fish meal for aquafeed mainly include animal protein [5,6], plant protein [7,8], and insect protein sources that have emerged in recent years [9,10]. Studies have shown that several animal and plant proteins could effectively replace fish meal in aquatic feed.…”