Effects of Flavomycin, <i>Bacillus licheniformis </i>and Enramycin on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Gut Morphology and the Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

Abstract

The effects of Flavomycin, Bacillus licheniformis and Enramycin on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, gut morphology and the intestinal microflora were studied in a 42-d experiment. A total of 288, one-day-old, male, Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 12 pens per treatment and 6 birds per pen. The treatments were comprised of a control diet without supplementation, a diet supplemented with 5 ppm Flavomycin, a diet supplemented with the combination of 5 ppm Flavomycin and 1.35×10 9 CFU/kg Bacillus licheniformis, as well as a diet supplemented with 5 ppm Enramycin. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds fed the diet with Flavomycin combined with Bacillus licheniformis and the Enramycin diet were improved (P＜0.05) compared with the control diet. The digestibility of dry matter, energy, and calcium for birds fed the combination of Flavomycin and Bacillus licheniformis and the Enramycin diet were also enhanced compared with the control diet. All additives improved the villus height and crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum on d 21. In addition, reduced numbers of cecal E. coli (P＜0.01) were found in birds fed all three supplemented diets on d 42. In conclusion, supplementation with Flavomycin and Bacillus licheniformis in combination or Enramycin would appear to be superior to supplementation with Flavomycin alone. All three supplemented diets were superior to the control.

The Effects of Flavomycin and Colistin Sulfate Pre-Treatment on Ileal Bacterial Community Composition, the Response to Salmonella typhimurium and Host Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens

“…The resistance to Salmonella can be improved by regulating the intestinal bacteria [6]. A large number of previous studies have focused on the therapeutic effect of antibiotics against S. typhimurium infection [15,16]. There has been no such research on the resistance of S. typhimurium through the early construction of different intestinal bacteria.…”

A comparison of the effects of antibiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and prebiotics on the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers

“…Flavomycin increases villus length and reduces crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (Ni et al 2012). These combined effects result in reduced weight of intestinal tissue and turnover of mucosal cells (Visek 1978), leading to increased carcass body weight gain (Wang et al 2016;Attia et al 2011). However, antibiotics fed to chickens may cause resistance and cross resistance to antibiotics in pathogenic bacteria (Thapaliya et al 2017), and for E. coli at least, in one study with limited sample size, there was a strong indication that transmission of resistance from poultry to humans had occurred (van den Bogaard et al 2001).…”

Nutrient Utilizations and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers Treated with Lactobacillus plantarum AKK30 – Oligosaccharides Synbiotic

“…Table 2 showed that the L. plantarum AKK30 culture media with MOS altered the composition of the amino acids, i.e., threonine and isoleucine. For synthesizing amino acids, L. plantarum AKK30 requires MOS to balance the GIT microflora (Rageb et al, 2018) because the amino acid synthesis depended on intestinal microflora conditions such as pH and proteolytic action of endogenous microbial enzymes (Wang et al, 2016). Index of essential amino acid (EAAI) in L. plantarum AKK30 is evidenced that the synbiotic contains amino acids and affect the nutrient utilization.…”