Effects of Foliar Potassium Fertilization on Fruit Growth Rate, Potassium Accumulation, Yield, and Quality of ‘Kousui’ Japanese Pear

Shen, Changwei; Ding, Yang; XiQiong, Lei; Zhao, Peng; Wang, Shuo; Xu, Yangchun; Dong, Caixia

doi:10.21273/horttech.26.3.270

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Spraying of pear trees with sodium selenate (Na 2 SeO 4 ) resulted in a significant increase in the total soluble solids content of the fruits ( Pezzarossa et al, 2012 ). In addition, foliar applications with KNO 3 can enhance fructose and sucrose content, as was observed in ‘Kousui’ Japanese pears ( Pyrus pyrifola ) ( Shen et al, 2016 ). Therefore, we also included a combination treatment consisting of I with Na 2 SeO 4 and KNO 3 in our field experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Iodine Biofortification of Apples and Pears in an Orchard Using Foliar Sprays of Different Composition

et al. 2021

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Many people across the world suffer from iodine (I) deficiency and related diseases. The I content in plant-based foods is particularly low, but can be enhanced by agronomic biofortification. Therefore, in this study two field experiments were conducted under orchard conditions to assess the potential of I biofortification of apples and pears by foliar fertilization. Fruit trees were sprayed at various times during the growing season with solutions containing I in different concentrations and forms. In addition, tests were carried out to establish whether the effect of I sprays can be improved by co-application of potassium nitrate (KNO3) and sodium selenate (Na2SeO4). Iodine accumulation in apple and pear fruits was dose-dependent, with a stronger response to potassium iodide (KI) than potassium iodate (KIO3). In freshly harvested apple and pear fruits, 51% and 75% of the biofortified iodine was localized in the fruit peel, respectively. The remaining I was translocated into the fruit flesh, with a maximum of 3% reaching the core. Washing apples and pears with running deionized water reduced their I content by 14%. To achieve the targeted accumulation level of 50–100 μg I per 100 g fresh mass in washed and unpeeled fruits, foliar fertilization of 1.5 kg I per hectare and meter canopy height was required when KIO3 was applied. The addition of KNO3 and Na2SeO4 to I-containing spray solutions did not affect the I content in fruits. However, the application of KNO3 increased the total soluble solids content of the fruits by up to 1.0 °Brix compared to the control, and Na2SeO4 in the spray solution increased the fruit selenium (Se) content. Iodine sprays caused leaf necrosis, but without affecting the development and marketing quality of the fruits. Even after three months of cold storage, no adverse effects of I fertilization on general fruit characteristics were observed, however, I content of apples decreased by 20%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Iodine Biofortification of Apples and Pears in an Orchard Using Foliar Sprays of Different Composition

et al. 2021

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“…In our previous research, we found that pear fruit size sharply increased from the enlargement stage to maturity (Shen et al, 2016 ). A large number of mineral elements and carbohydrates are needed in fruits in the later stages of their development (data unpublished).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Induced by Low and High Potassium Levels Provides Insight into Fruit Sugar Metabolism of Pear

et al. 2017

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Potassium (K) deficiency is a common abiotic stress that can inhibit the growth of fruit and thus reduce crop yields. Little research has been conducted on pear transcriptional changes under low and high K conditions. Here, we performed an experiment with 7-year-old pot-grown “Huangguan” pear trees treated with low, Control or high K levels (0, 0.4, or 0.8 g·K2O/kg soil, respectively) during fruit enlargement and mature stages. We identified 36,444 transcripts from leaves and fruit using transcriptome sequencing technology. From 105 days after full blooming (DAB) to 129 DAB, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leaves and fruit in response to low K increased, while in response to high K, the number of DEGs in leaves and fruit decreased. We selected 17 of these DEGs for qRT-PCR analysis to confirm the RNA sequencing results. Based on GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis, we found that low-K treatment significantly reduced K nutrient and carbohydrate metabolism of the leaves and fruit compared with the Control treatment. During the fruit development stages, AKT1 (gene39320) played an important role on K+ transport of the leaves and fruit response to K stress. At maturity, sucrose and acid metabolic pathways were inhibited by low K. The up-regulation of the expression of three SDH and two S6PDH genes involved in sorbitol metabolism was induced by low K, promoting the fructose accumulation. Simultaneously, higher expression was found for genes encoding amylase under low K, promoting the decomposition of the starch and leading the glucose accumulation. High K could enhance leaf photosynthesis, and improve the distribution of the nutrient and carbohydrate from leaf to fruit. Sugar components of the leaves and fruit under low K were regulated by the expression of genes encoding 8 types of hormone signals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our data revealed the gene expression patterns of leaves and fruit in response to different K levels during the middle and late stages of fruit development as well as the molecular mechanism of improvement of fruit sugar levels by K and provided a scientific basis for improving fruit quality with supplemental K fertilizers.

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“…In terms of quality, the fruits were comparable to the ones obtained at the Warszawa-Wilanów station, but worse in comparison to the crop from the Ursynów station [Pitera et al 2009]. In other experiments, mean weight of fruits of Asian cultivars was much higher, in many cases exceeding 200 g, or even 300 g [Faoro and Nakasu 2002, Reighard et al 2008, Faoro and Orth 2010, Sakamoto et al 2016, Shen et al 2016. Such large fruits can be obtained only in regions characterized by the optimal climate, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Similar results were obtained by Faoro and Orth [2010] and Sakamoto et al [2016] with regard to the 'Kosui', 'Hosui', and 'Nijisseiki' cvs. Soluble sugar content in fruits from other research centers was both lower (the cultivars: 'Chojuro', 'Nijisseiki', 'Kosui, 'Hosui', 'Shinseiki' [Chen et al 1987, McArtney and Wells 1995, Larsen et al 2013, Shen et al 2016) and higher ('Nijisseiki', 'Shinseiki', 'Chojuro' [Chen et al 1987, Kopera and Mitek 2003). In the presented study, the fruits of 'Chojuro', 'Hosui', and 'Shu Li' had more polyphenols, whereas 'Kosui', 'Shinseiki', and 'Nijisseiki' -more phosphorus than pears collected from 'Conference'.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Several Asian Pear Cultivars in the Climatic Conditions of Lower Silesia

Sosna

2018

Acta Sci.Pol.Hortorum Cultus

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The Asian pear tree (Nashi), originated in China and Japan, where it is commonly grown. In Europe, in Poland in particular, it remains almost unknown, despite the fact that its cultivation has been proven to be possible there. The aim of the experiment-carried out between 2008 and 2015 at the Fruit Experimental Station Samotwór, next to Wrocław-was to evaluate the growth intensity and yielding of several Asian pear tree cultivars: 'Kosui', 'Shinseiki', 'Nijisseiki', 'Chojuro', 'Hosui', and 'Shu Li'; as well as the quality and biological value of their fruits. 'Conference', which is widespread in Europe, was chosen as the control variety. 'Conference', 'Shu Li', and 'Hosui' showed highest growth intensity, whereas the trees of 'Shinseiki' were the smallest. In terms of yields over the period of eight years following the planting, 'Chojuro' and 'Shinseiki' performed best, while the least fruits were obtained from the 'Nijisseiki' cultivar. Significantly heaviest and biggest fruits were collected from the Chinese 'Shu Li' cultivar. In 2012, Nashi fruits had similar carotenoid, calcium, and magnesium contents as the fruits of 'Conference'.

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Effects of Foliar Potassium Fertilization on Fruit Growth Rate, Potassium Accumulation, Yield, and Quality of ‘Kousui’ Japanese Pear

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Iodine Biofortification of Apples and Pears in an Orchard Using Foliar Sprays of Different Composition

Iodine Biofortification of Apples and Pears in an Orchard Using Foliar Sprays of Different Composition

Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Induced by Low and High Potassium Levels Provides Insight into Fruit Sugar Metabolism of Pear

Evaluation of Several Asian Pear Cultivars in the Climatic Conditions of Lower Silesia

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