Effects of forest fragmentation on dipterofauna (Calliphoridae) at the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, RJ

Abstract

Samples were collected every month in three different sites of the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Brazil: site A was located on the border of the forest and sites B and C were located 1,000 and 500 m, respectively, towards the forest interior. The objective was to determine edge effects on a fragment of the Atlantic Forest. The greatest species richness was observed in sites A and B (23 species), compared with site C (16 species). Site A showed the greatest abundance and constancy, independent of the degree of synanthropy. Asynanthropic species were more abundant and constant in sites B and C. Site B showed the greatest diversity; and sites A and B showed the greatest similarity of populations. There was no significant correlation between Calliphoridae richness and canopy openness except in site C. Richness and abundance were positively correlated with subwood density, except for richness in site B.Keywords: edge effect, diversity, constancy index. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre a dipterofauna (Calliphoridae) na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, RJ ResumoForam realizadas coletas mensais em três pontos da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá: o ponto A estava localizado na borda da mata, e os pontos B e C estavam localizados, respectivamente, a 1000 e 500 m no interior da mata. Objetivou-se determinar os efeitos de borda em um fragmento da Mata Atlântica. A riqueza de espécies foi maior nos pontos A e B (23 espécies), em relação ao ponto C (16 espécies). No ponto A, ocorreu maior abundância e constância de califorí-deos, independente do seu grau de sinantropia. Nos pontos B e C, as espécies assinantrópicas foram mais abundantes e constantes. O ponto B apresentou a maior diversidade registrada. Os pontos A e B apresentam maior similaridade quanto às populações. Não houve significativa correlação entre riqueza de califorídeos e abertura do dossel, exceto no ponto C. Riqueza e abundância correlacionaram-se positivamente com densidade do sub-bosque, exceto para riqueza no ponto B.Palavras-chave: efeitos de borda, diversidade, índice de constância.

Edge effects on the blowfly fauna (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of the Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…Point C was the most diverse (H'=1.843, J'=0.7687), followed by B (H'=1.382, J'=0.5387) and A (H'=0.926, P=0, 3612). These results are in agreement with those of Ferraz et al (2010b), who also found greater diversity in the farthest point from the edge (1,000m), and are also corroborated by the studies of Esposito (1999) in the Amazon, who found …”

“…This species was the most abundant at the midpoint, and was considered common and constant at all collection points, as also observed by Gadelha (2009) and Ferraz et al (2010b). Mello et al (2007) reported this species as the most abundant at the REBIO Tinguá, demonstrating that it is distributed in areas of the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro, especially in the range between 500 and 700m.…”

“…Thus, we can think PARNA Tijuca as a preserved area. Ferraz et al (2010b) and Gadelha (2009) also observed this high similarity in studies at the REBIO Tinguá, demonstrating it is common when it comes to collecting sites that are near each other and in the same environment.…”

“…Also, C. idioidea, an accidental species in relation to our data, was the most abundant species in the work of Sousa et al (2010) in the Amazon, totaling over 80% of Calliphoridae collected. It seems that this species, also considered accidental in the results of Ferraz et al (2010b), is more adapted to the Amazon forest biome than to the Atlantic forest.…”

“…Studies on the diversity of Calliphoridae in protected areas of the state of Rio de Janeiro are restricted to the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá (hereinafter referred to as REBIO Tinguá) (Marinho et al, 2006;Mello et al, 2007;Ferraz et al, 2010b). For the PARNA Tijuca, only the publication by D'Almeida and Lopes (1983), which focused on synanthropic flies, is available.…”