Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on the yield of temperate paddy rice crops

Effect of CO2Concentration, Temperature and N Fertilization on Biomass Production of Soybean Genotypes Differing in N Fixation Capacity

“…The positive interactive effect of [CO 2 ] and N application on biomass production was observed in crops that lack N-fixing ability, such as rice (Kim et al, 2003a(Kim et al, , 2003b, and wheat (Kimball et al, 2002). (Table 2).…”

“…It is well documented that growth in response to elevated [CO 2 ] is often maximal in adequately fertilized plants (Rogers et al, 1999;Stitt and Krapp, 1999;Kim et al, 2003aKim et al, , 2003bKobayashi et al, 2006). Furthermore, elevated [CO 2 ]-induced enhancement in rice biomass production is defined by the amount of N fertilizer used (Nakagawa et al, 1994;Ziska et al, 1996).…”

Regional disparities in the beneficial effects of rising CO2 concentrations on crop water productivity

“…These include one additional site for rice at Ibaraki, Japan (Zhang et al, 2013) and two additional sites for wheat at Jiangsu and Beijing, China (Liu et al, 2008, Yang et al, 2006, 2009. We also collected additional data for soybean (Morgan et al, 2005), rice (Kim et al, 2003, Shimono et al, 2008 and wheat (Cai et al, 2015, Han et al, 2015 at the sites reported in Table S1.…”

Targets for Crop Biotechnology in a Future High-CO2 and High-O3 World

“…Yields of soybean and rice (Oryza sativa) grown under elevated [CO 2 ] in FACE experiments were 15% and 13% higher than yields of crops grown at ambient [CO 2 ], despite significant declines in harvest index (HI; seed yield/total aboveground biological yield; Kim et al, 2003;Morgan et al, 2005). Genetic improvements over the past century in grain yield in a number of crops, including soybean, wheat, and rice, have been closely associated with improvements in HI (Gifford et al, 1984); however, it has been argued that the scope for further increasing yield through increasing HI is limited (Austin, 1999).…”

“…More aboveground biomass per area has been the major factor in yield improvements at elevated [CO 2 ] in FACE experiments. In rice, elevated [CO 2 ] decreased the productive tiller ratio (Kim et al, 2003) and reduced the percentage of fertile spikelets (Yang et al, 2006). However, because the tiller number (and panicle number) per area was significantly higher at elevated [CO 2 ], yields were increased despite the negative effects on productive tiller ratio and spikelet fertility (Kim et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2006).…”