Effects of fuel structure on structural characteristics of soot aggregates

A comparative study of the sooting tendencies of various C5–C8 alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes in counterflow diffusion flames

“…Decades of research has shown that soot formation involves rather complicated physicochemical processes ranging from gas-phase/surface chemistry to particle dynamics [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] . Considerable research efforts have been paid to understand the driving mechanism of soot formation [10] , [11] , [12] and its dependence on various combustion parameters such as pressure [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , temperature [ 15 , 17 , 18 ], strain rate [ 13 , 19 , 20 ] and fuel molecular structures [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] . Due to the diversity of fuel types and the complexity of detailed fuel chemistry, the relationship between fuel structure and soot formation is probably the least understood.…”

Effects of Flame Temperature on PAHs and Soot Evolution in Partially Premixed and Diffusion Flames of a Diesel Surrogate

“…Soot is one of the main pollutants of engine exhaust emissions and can contain sulfates and a variety of hazardous chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). As such, its formation, as well as strategies for its destruction has attracted substantial research interest. − These experiments about the soot formation and destruction mechanisms have been investigated in the flow reactor, fundamental flames, − internal combustion engine, − and so on. The flame temperature is one of the main factors affecting soot formation. − Akihama et al and Kitamura et al investigated the mechanism of smokeless combustion under near-stoichiometric conditions in diesel engines and found that the soot formation is suppressed by lower combustion temperature caused by dilution with heavy exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).…”