Effects of GABA/β-glucan supplements on melatonin and serotonin content extracted from natural resources

Dutta, Sayan Deb; Patel, Dinesh Kumar; Ganguly, Keya; Lim, Ki-Taek

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247890

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Another mechanism involves GABAergic interneurons, as a-synuclein accumulation and beta-III tubulin protein complex regulate the release of synaptic vesicles and lower GABAergic inhibitory transmission, which leads to neuronal dysfunction [17]. Therefore, the positive effects of beta-glucan in patients with established PD in the present study can also be attributed to the proper activation of microglia, apart from the regulation of GABAergic inhibitory transmission [18], as well as the action through the serotonergic system [19]. In patients with young-onset PD and those where a specific causal relationship between antibiotics and PD due to gut microbial resistance is suspected [20], this beta-glucan based approach can also be prophylactic, addressing the pathogenic mechanisms in a continuous systemic and local manner, which needs further research for validation.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The serum creatinine kinase level decreased from 189. 19 MRI was used to calculate the Parkinsonism Index (2.0); in one patient, the MRPI (P/M) × (MCP/SCP) decreased from 9.3 at baseline to 9.1 post intervention, and the MRPI 2.0 -MRPI × (V3/FH) remained the same (0.7) at baseline and after 90 days (Figure 5). MRPI did not show any improvement in the other patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the disease-modifying effects of Aureobasidium pullulans AFO-202 strain produced Beta-Glucan in Parkinson’s disease – Results of a pilot clinical study

Vetrievel¹,

Nithyanandam

Srinivasan³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The aetiology of Parkinson s disease PD has been linked to the aggregation and spread of misfolded alpha synuclein via the gut-brain axis. We previously reported the effects of a biological response modifier, beta glucan, produced by the AFO 202 strain of Aureobasidium Pullulans, which improves clinical symptoms and controls gut Enterobacteriaceae associated with curli and amyloid alpha synuclein production. In this study, we report the effects of beta-glucan on PD. Eight patients with PD were recruited, five of whom completed the study. Each participant was administered 3 g of AFO-202 B glucan orally daily for 90 days in addition to their regular prescription drugs. Pre and post study comparison revealed that the mean UPDRS decreased from 43.25 at baseline to 40 post intervention. Improvements in cognition, walking and balance, postural stability, and constipation scales were observed. The mean constipation severity score decreased from 3 to 1.75 post intervention. The serum creatinine kinase levels decreased and the blood glucose and lipid levels normalised. The MRI Parkinson s index MRPI improved in one patient. This safe AFO 202 B glucan produced beneficial diseasemodifying improvements in the UPDRS and MRI that were clinically significant in the short timeframe of 90 days. Further validation in larger, longer-term clinical trials will help confirm the use of beta glucan as a potential adjuvant treatment for PD which may pave way for future evaluations of these beta glucans in other synculeinopathies as well Lewy body related pathogenesis.

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Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the disease-modifying effects of Aureobasidium pullulans AFO-202 strain produced Beta-Glucan in Parkinson’s disease – Results of a pilot clinical study

Vetrievel¹,

Nithyanandam

Srinivasan³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Enhanced sensations upon awakening were discovered in the GABA-enriched rice-consuming group during both the fourth week and the tenth week of the study, in comparison to the white rice group. However, no significant impact of GABA rice on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) sleepiness score was observed [36]. Another study using GABA-enriched rice documented that among post-menopausal women, the ingestion of GABA rice containing 26.4 mg of GABA three times daily resulted in the improvement of insomnia scores as assessed by the Kupperman Menopause Index.…”

Section: The Effect Of Dietary Gaba On Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Oral GABA on the Nervous System: Potential for Therapeutic Intervention

Almutairi,

Sivadas,

Kwakowsky

2024

Nutraceuticals

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), plays a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission. Dysregulation of the excitatory/inhibitory balance is implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, emphasizing the critical role of GABA in disease-free brain function. The review examines the intricate interplay between the gut–brain axis and CNS function. The potential impact of dietary GABA on the brain, either by traversing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) or indirectly through the gut–brain axis, is explored. While traditional beliefs questioned GABA’s ability to cross the BBB, recent research challenges this notion, proposing specific transporter systems facilitating GABA passage. Animal studies provide some evidence that small amounts of GABA can cross the BBB but there is a lack of human data to support the role of transporter-mediated GABA entry into the brain. This review also explores GABA-containing food supplements, investigating their impact on brain activity and functions. The potential benefits of GABA supplementation on pain management and sleep quality are highlighted, supported by alterations in electroencephalography (EEG) brain responses following oral GABA intake. The comprehensive overview encompasses GABA’s sources in the diet, including brown rice, soy, adzuki beans, and fermented foods. GABA’s presence in various foods and supplements, its association with gut microbiota, and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders are thoroughly examined. The articles were retrieved through a systematic review of the databases: OVID, SCOPUS, and PubMed (keywords “GABA”, “oral GABA“, “sleep”, “cognition”, “neurodegenerative”, “blood-brain barrier”, “gut microbiota”, “supplements” and “therapeutic”, and by searching reference sections from identified studies and review articles). This review presents the relevant literature available on the topic and discusses the mechanisms, effects, and hypotheses that suggest oral GABA benefits range from neuroprotection to blood pressure control. The literature suggests that oral intake of GABA affects the brain illustrated by changes in EEG scans and cognitive performance, with evidence showing that GABA can have beneficial effects for multiple age groups and conditions. The potential clinical and research implications of utilizing GABA supplementation are vast, spanning a spectrum of diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to blood pressure regulation. Importantly, recommendations for the use of oral GABA should consider the dosage, formulation, and duration of treatment as well as potential side effects. Effects of GABA need to be more thoroughly investigated in robust clinical trials to validate efficacy to progress the development of alternative treatments for a variety of disorders.

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“…Dutta et al found that the expression levels of serotonergic genes were up-regulated in rice bran and sarcodon aspratus. Rice bran and sarcodon aspratus supplements can be used as food materials to promote sleep (Dutta et al, 2021). Dmitrzak-Weglarz et al identified dysfunction of molecular regulation of the melatonin biosynthetic pathway on Aanat, rs8150 and rs3760138 and detected serotonin, Aanat, Aamt and melatonin in serum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Visualization Method to Explore Complete Targeting Regulatory Relationships Among Circadian Genes for Insomnia Treatment

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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Understanding the complete map of melatonin synthesis, the information transfer network among circadian genes in pineal gland, promises to resolve outstanding issues in endocrine systems and improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment level of insomnia, immune disease and hysterical depression. Currently, some landmark studies have revealed some genes that regulate circadian rhythm associated with melatonin synthesis. However, these studies don't give a complete map of melatonin synthesis, as transfer information among circadian genes in pineal gland is lost. New biotechnology, integrates dynamic sequential omics and multiplexed imaging method, has been used to visualize the complete process of melatonin synthesis. It is found that there are two extremely significant information transfer processes involved in melatonin synthesis. In the first stage, as the light intensity decreased, melatonin synthesis mechanism has started, which is embodied in circadian genes, Rel, Polr2A, Mafk, and Srbf1 become active. In the second stage, circadian genes Hif1a, Bach1, Clock, E2f6, and Per2 are regulated simultaneously by four genes, Rel, Polr2A, Mafk, and Srbf1 and contribute genetic information to Aanat. The expeditious growth in this technique offer reference for an overall understanding of gene-to-gene regulatory relationship among circadian genes in pineal gland. In the study, dynamic sequential omics and the analysis process well provide the current state and future perspectives to better diagnose and cure diseases associated with melatonin synthesis disorder.

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Effects of GABA/β-glucan supplements on melatonin and serotonin content extracted from natural resources

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the disease-modifying effects of Aureobasidium pullulans AFO-202 strain produced Beta-Glucan in Parkinson’s disease – Results of a pilot clinical study

Evaluation of the disease-modifying effects of Aureobasidium pullulans AFO-202 strain produced Beta-Glucan in Parkinson’s disease – Results of a pilot clinical study

The Effect of Oral GABA on the Nervous System: Potential for Therapeutic Intervention

Multiplexed Visualization Method to Explore Complete Targeting Regulatory Relationships Among Circadian Genes for Insomnia Treatment

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