Effects of gamma-irradiation on antibiotic resistance and diagnostic molecular markers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Egyptian cancer patients

Shehata, Mona M. K.; Radwan, Samah; Ali, Sahar A. M.

doi:10.1080/09553002.2019.1664785

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…32,62,63 We have summarized several studies in which ESKAPE pathogens were isolated from patients with cancer since 2015 in Table 2. 31,[59][60][61][62][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] These illustrate the prevalence of MDR in different ESKAPE pathogens and highlight that prior antibiotic exposure and hospital-acquired infections are the major risk factors for developing antibiotic resistance in patients with cancer. For Figure 1, we derived data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) 2015 to 2017 adult and pediatric antibiotic resistance reports 75,76 to illustrate differences between the percentage of central line-associated bloodstream infections by ESKAPE pathogens that tested nonsusceptible to selected antimicrobial agents.…”

Section: The Use Of Antibiotics and The Burden Of Antibiotic Resistance In Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 94%

Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward

Nanayakkara

Boucher

Fowler

et al. 2021

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

113

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Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with cancer. Loss of efficacy in antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an urgent threat against the continuing success of cancer therapy. In this review, the authors focus on recent updates on the impact of antibiotic resistance in the cancer setting, particularly on the ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.). This review highlights the health and financial impact of antibiotic resistance in patients with cancer. Furthermore, the authors recommend measures to control the emergence of antibiotic resistance, highlighting the risk factors associated with cancer care. A lack of data in the etiology of infections, specifically in oncology patients in United States, is identified as a concern, and the authors advocate for a centralized and specialized surveillance system for patients with cancer to predict and prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Finding better ways to predict, prevent, and treat antibiotic-resistant infections will have a major positive impact on the care of those with cancer.

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Section: The Use Of Antibiotics and The Burden Of Antibiotic Resistance In Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 94%

Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward

Nanayakkara

Boucher

Fowler

et al. 2021

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

113

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A 6-Year Update on the Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of hospital-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) infections globally. The multi-drug resistant nature of this pathogen and its capacity to cause outbreaks in hospital and community settings highlight the need for effective interventions, including its surveillance for prevention and control. This study provides an update on the clonal distribution of MRSA in Africa.MethodsA systematic review was conducted by screening for eligible English, French, and Arabic articles from November 2014 to December 2020, using six electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Scopus, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar). Data were retrieved and analyzed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines (registered at PROSPERO: CRD42021277238). Genotyping data was based primarily on multilocus sequence types (STs) and Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) types. We utilized the Phyloviz algorithm in the cluster analysis and categorization of the MRSA STs into various clonal complexes (CCs).ResultsWe identified 65 studies and 26 publications from 16 of 54 (30%) African countries that provided sufficient genotyping data. MRSA with diverse staphylococcal protein A (spa) and SCCmec types in CC5 and CC8 were reported across the continent. The ST5-IV [2B] and ST8-IV [2B] were dominant clones in Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), respectively. Also, ST88-IV [2B] was widely distributed across the continent, particularly in three Portuguese-speaking countries (Angola, Cape Verde, and São Tomé and Príncipe). The ST80-IV [2B] was described in Algeria and Egypt, while the HA-ST239/ST241-III [3A] was only identified in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa. ST152-MRSA was documented in the DRC, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive MRSA was observed in several CCs across the continent. The median prevalence of PVL-positive MRSA was 33% (ranged from 0 to 77%; n = 15).ConclusionWe observed an increase in the distribution of ST1, ST22, and ST152, but a decline of ST239/241 in Africa. Data on MRSA clones in Africa is still limited. There is a need to strengthen genomic surveillance capacity based on a “One-Health” strategy to prevent and control MRSA in Africa.

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Bidirectional Functional Effects of Staphylococcus on Carcinogenesis

et al. 2022

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As a Gram-positive cocci existing in nature, Staphylococcus has a variety of species, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, etc. Growing evidence reveals that Staphylococcus is closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. On the one hand, cancer patients are more likely to suffer from bacterial infection and antibiotic-resistant strain infection compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, there exists an association between staphylococcal infection and carcinogenesis. Staphylococcus often plays a pathogenic role and evades the host immune system through surface adhesion molecules, α-hemolysin, PVL (Panton-Valentine leukocidin), SEs (staphylococcal enterotoxins), SpA (staphylococcal protein A), TSST-1 (Toxic shock syndrom toxin-1) and other factors. Staphylococcal nucleases (SNases) are extracellular nucleases that serve as genomic markers for Staphylococcus aureus. Interestingly, a human homologue of SNases, SND1 (staphylococcal nuclease and Tudor domain-containing 1), has been recognized as an oncoprotein. This review is the first to summarize the reported basic and clinical evidence on staphylococci and neoplasms. Investigations on the correlation between Staphylococcus and the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of breast, skin, oral, colon and other cancers, are made from the perspectives of various virulence factors and SND1.

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Effects of gamma-irradiation on antibiotic resistance and diagnostic molecular markers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Egyptian cancer patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward

Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward

A 6-Year Update on the Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Africa: A Systematic Review

Bidirectional Functional Effects of Staphylococcus on Carcinogenesis

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