Effects of Gamma Radiation on Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium confusum, and Lasioderma serricorne

Abstract

_ -1973 : Comparative gamma radiation sensitivity of Tribolium madens and T . castaneum. J. Stored Prod. Res. 9,93-100. BROWN, G. A.; BROWER, J. H.; TILTON, E. W., 1972: Gamma radiation effects on Sitophilus Zea mais and S. granarius. J. Econ. Ent. 65, 203-205. COGBURN, R. R., 1967: Infra red radiation effects on reproduction of three species of stored products insects. J. Econ. Ent. 60, 548-550. -BROWER, J. H.; TILTON, E. W., 1971: Combination of gamma and infra red gamma radiation for control of the Angoumois grain moth in wheat. J. Econ. Ent. 64, 923-925. CORNWELL. P. B.. 1966: The entomology of Radiation Disinfestation of Grain. New York: -, Pergamon Press. housefly Musca dornestica L. and adult survival. 2. ang. Ent. 78, 87-91.GUNEIDY, A. M.; ABDU, R. M.; HAMED, M. S., 1975: Gamma irradiation of pupae of the HOSSAIN. M. M.: BROWER. 1. H.: TILTON. E. W.. 1972: Radiation sensitivity of successively irradiaied generat:ons of the Indian Meal Moth. J. Econ. Ent. 65, 673-676. HOWDEN, H. F.; AUERBACH, S. I., 1958: Some effects of gamma radiations on Trogoderma sternale. Ann. Entomol. SOC. Amer. 51, 48-51. KIRKPATRICK, R. L.; TILTON, E. W., 1972: Infrared radiation to control adult stored product coleoptera. J. Georgia Ent. SOC. 7, 73-75. LAUDANI, H.; TILTON, E. W.; BROWER, J. M., 1965: USDA research program and facilities for the use gamma irradiation in the control of stored product insects. Food irradiation 6, 6-9. ~B R I E N , R. D.; WALK, L. S., 1964: Radiation, radioactivity and insects. New York, London. SULLIVAN, R. L.; GROSCH, D. S., 1963: The radiation tolerance of an adult wasp. AbstractUsing a low rate of pheromone release and a large trapping surface, male and female southern pine beetles, Dendroctonus frontalis, responded to the pheromone frontalin in nearly equal numbers, resulting in a sex ratio approximating that of a natural attack. The results indicate that the low proportion of females caught on frontalin-baited traps in earlier studies might be due largely to the testing procedures employed and a tendency of male beetles to orient closer to the source of pheromone than female beetles. Distance orientation and the selection of a landing site in this species appear to be two separate behavioral events governed by different stimuli but interrelated in that frontalin, which directs distance orientation at low concentrations, also releases landing behavior or lowers the threshold for response to stimuli directing landing at higher concentrations. Therefore, it can be expected that the trap size, the rate of pheromone release, and the average threshold within the population for response to landing stimuli would all affect the sex ratio of beetles caught by a frontalin-baited trap.

Tolerance of Hylurgus ligniperda (F.) (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) and Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to ionising radiation: a comparison with existing generic radiation phytosanitary treatments

“…Eggs and larvae were the least tolerant of radiation, which is consistent with the results of other studies that have reported increasing tolerance to radiation as life-stage development progresses (Follett 2008;Tilton et al 1966;Wang et al 2006;Yoshida et al 1974;Zhan et al 2011b). Larval and pupal development was arrested following treatment at all doses tested (75 to 175 Gy).…”

“…We recognise the limitations of the data presented here; however, our results provide an indication of an upper limit to an effective dose, taking account of the widely reported increase in tolerance to ionising radiation within a species as a function of increasing development stage (Follett 2008;Tilton et al 1966;Wang et al 2006;Yoshida et al 1974;Zhan et al 2011b). All adult H. ligniperda were sterile following irradiation at 175 Gy.…”

“…Adults were selected as they are the most readily available life stage, and adults of a range of species have been shown to be more tolerant of irradiation than other life stages (Follett 2008;Tilton et al 1966;Yoshida et al 1974). Twenty H. ligniperda adults per dose were placed in a Petri dish and treated at 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 Gy (as described below).…”

Lethal and Sterile Effects of X-ray Irradiation on Cigarette Beetle, Lasiodermaserricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)

“…A similar phenomenon has been observed in diverse species of stored product insects (16). TILTON et al (7) described the minimum sterilizing dose of gamma ray as 250 and 175 Gy for males and females, respectively, which was a little higher than our results for X-ray. RAHIM and NORIMAH (11) described the minimum dose as 0.1 kGy when both parents were exposed, which is identical to our finding.…”

“…Since the 1950s, the effect of ionizing radiation from another source, i.e., gamma ray from 60 Co, has been investigated. Lethal and sterilizing doses were confirmed (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), but gamma-ray irradiation has not been applied industrially for disinfestation of tobacco, perhaps partly due to the lack of consumer acceptance. Recently high-energy electron beam accelerators have been developed and converted X-ray generated by the accelerators became industrially available as a reliable and safer source of ionizing radiation.…”