Effects of gastric acid and mechanical toothbrushing in CAD-CAM restorative materials: Mechanical properties, surface topography, and biofilm adhesion

Effects of erosion and abrasion on resin‐matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials: An in vitro investigation

“…However, the study design included a highly erosive medium of 0.7% hydrochloric acid (pH = 1.2 ± 0.2) with an exposure time of 91 h per simulated year. As frequent exposure to gastric acid presents a strong erosive challenge, the results of Picolo et al [24]-while important for a specific group of patients-are thus not comparable to those of the present study, since the daily erosive influences on the average patient are likely to be far lower. To our knowledge, no other study exists to date investigating daily erosive and abrasive challenges by foods, beverages, and tooth brushing.…”

“…Although there are several studies concerning the resistance of CAD/CAM materials to abrasive [16][17][18][19] or erosive [20][21][22][23] challenges, there is, to the best of our knowledge, only one other study evaluating the effects of both abrasive and erosive influences on these materials [24]. Picolo et al [24] simulated 3 years of aggressive erosive challenges caused by gastroesophageal reflux events, in combination with abrasion by tooth brushing. They reported a decrease in microhardness and an increase in surface roughness and biofilm adhesion after the simulated wear.…”

“…It has previously been discussed that the glass phase of feldspar ceramics is more susceptible to erosive attacks than the polymer matrix in composites and resinmatrix ceramics [20,24]. In glass ceramic materials, the acidic solution is suspected to weaken the silicate framework allowing the erosive medium to penetrate deeper into the vitreous matrix and to disturb its integrity in a larger area [20,24]. In contrast, ceramics without a glass phase, like zirconia, do not exhibit the same susceptibility [37].…”

“…Only VITABLOCS Mark II revealed a substantial and statistically significant decrease in microhardness after both 1 and 3 years, whereas the other materials only exhibited a statistically significant decrease after 3 years. It has previously been discussed that the glass phase of feldspar ceramics is more susceptible to erosive attacks than the polymer matrix in composites and resinmatrix ceramics [20,24]. In glass ceramic materials, the acidic solution is suspected to weaken the silicate framework allowing the erosive medium to penetrate deeper into the vitreous matrix and to disturb its integrity in a larger area [20,24].…”

“…Several authors discussed the resistance of various CAD/CAM materials to abrasive [16][17][18][19] and erosive influences [20][21][22][23]. However, to date there is only one study available on the effects of combined erosive and abrasive stress on CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics [24].…”