Effects of glucocorticoids on motor units in cat hindlimb muscles

Robinson, Alayna; Clamann, H. P.

doi:10.1002/mus.880110706

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Muscle breakdown leads to wasting and weakness, which is often obvious to owners (Robinson and Clamann, 1988). Cortisol causes protein catabolism and, thus, breakdown of muscle.…”

Section: Weakness Lethargy Potbelly and Bruisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperadrenocorticism in Cats

Feldman¹

2015

Canine and Feline Endocrinology

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“…Muscle breakdown leads to wasting and weakness, which is often obvious to owners (Robinson and Clamann, 1988). Cortisol causes protein catabolism and, thus, breakdown of muscle.…”

Section: Weakness Lethargy Potbelly and Bruisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperadrenocorticism in Cats

Feldman¹

2015

Canine and Feline Endocrinology

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“…However, experimental work on the effects of glucocorticoids on isolated feline motor units suggested that weakness occurred preferentially in fast-twitch motor units, primarily as a result of reduction in contractile protein. 20 The diagnosis of congenital myotonia was made in the cats of this report based on the age of onset, historical information, physical examination findings, the absence of evidence of progressive or inflammatory disease, provocative testing to rule out endocrinopathies, production of a myotonic dimple (1 cat), and classical electrodiagnostic findings. Because the age of onset and profound muscular enlargement made feline muscular dystrophy the most likely differential diagnosis other than myotonia, it is worth reiterating the fact that serum activities for muscle-associated enzymes were normal and that 1 of the affected cats is a female.…”

Section: Overview and Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Myotonia in 2 Domestic Cats

Toll¹,

Cooper

Altschul³

1998

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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ongenital myotonia was diagnosed in a male and a C female domestic cat. Physical examination revealed gait abnormalities and marked nonpainful enlargement of proximal appendicular muscles in both cats. A myotonic dimple was evoked in 1 cat. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone response testing was normal in 1 cat, and the adrenocorticotropic hormone response was normal in the other. Electromyography revealed classical myotonic discharges. Muscle biopsies from both cats were characterized by moderate hypertrophy by light microscopy and revealed mild dilatation of transverse-tubules by electron microscopy. Immunoblotting and immunostaining of muscle tissue were positive for the presence of dystrophin. Specific treatment was not attempted in either case. This is the first description of congenital myotonia in the domestic cat. Case DescriptionsTwo young sibling domestic cats were presented to the Companion Animal Hospital of the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine (NYSCVM) for evaluation. Cat 1 was a 5-month-old intact male Domestic Shorthair cat with the presenting complaint of hind limb weakness and occasional falling over; cat 2 was a 9-month-old intact female Domestic Longhair cat with a presenting complaint of clumsiness, stiff gait, and falling over. Cat 2 had been seen previously at 4 months of age and was diagnosed with a presumptive myopathy; further diagnostic evaluation had been declined at that time and the clinical signs had remained unchanged. Physical examinations in both cats revealed unthrifty animals with a crouched hind limb stance and profound enlargement of proximal appendicular muscles; the tongue of cat 1 was moderately enlarged. No pain, asymmetry, or fever were noted. Both cats exhibited a short-strided, choppy gait, which appeared to improve with exercise in cat 1. Cat 2 had prolonged blepharospasm in response to digital stimulation of the palpebral fissures, and prolonged facial distortion after meowing or hissing. Both cats could vocalize only weakly and cat 1 would occasionally developed transient respiratory stridor and cyanosis when stressed during handling. Results of complete ophthalmologic and neurologic examinations were normal.Results of a CBC and serum biochemical profile including creatine kinase activity were within normal limits (Table 1); similar results were obtained when Cat 2 was originally evaluated. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for feline leukemia virus and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers for Toxoplusma gondii were negative in both cats. Survey radiography of the thoracic and pelvic limbs of cat 1 were normal. Electrocardiography and echocardiography were normal in cat 1; echocardiography revealed mild enlargement of the left atrium and pulmonary trunk, and scant pinpoint hyperechoic foci in the left ventricular endocardium of cat 2, a5 well as subjective rounding of the 0.37 ng/mL, reference range = 0.3-0.9 ng/mL; baseline T, = 1.10 pg/dL, reference range = 1.5-4.0 pg/dL; post-TRH T, = 1.00 ng/mL, reference range = 0.3-2.0 ng/mL; and post-TRH T, = 2.30 p...

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“…Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are often used in the clinical setting, although data regarding their short-and longterm benefits are conflicting. 6,20,24 Despite the fact that corticosteroids have repeatedly been shown to be catabolic and inhibit the healing process, 8,9,13,20,23,[25][26][27][31][32][33] they continue to be used clinically to treat muscle contusion injuries and are injected into the site of injury to relieve pain and expedite a player's return to active status.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of Anabolic Steroids and Corticosteroids on Healing of Muscle Contusion Injury

et al. 1999

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The effect of an anabolic steroid (nandrolone decanoate, 20 mg/kg) and a corticosteroid (methylprednisolone acetate, 25 mg/kg) on healing muscle injured with a drop-mass technique in a reproducible muscle contusion injury model in the rat was studied. Healing was determined by measuring active contractile tension in each muscle and histologic analysis. At day 2, the corticosteroid group showed significant improvement in both twitch and tetanic strength relative to the controls. At day 7, this effect was reversed and the corticosteroid muscles were significantly weaker than the control muscles, but there was still no significant effect seen in the anabolic steroid group. At day 14, the corticosteroid muscles were totally degenerated, with disorganized muscle fiber architecture. The anabolic steroid muscles were significantly stronger in twitch, and a similar trend was seen in tetanus relative to control muscles. The results indicate that in an animal model corticosteroids may be beneficial in the short term, but they cause irreversible damage to healing muscle in the long term, including disordered fiber structure and a marked diminution in force-generating capacity. Anabolic steroids may aid in the healing of muscle contusion injury to speed the recovery of force-generating capacity. Although anabolic steroids are considered renegade drugs, they may have an ethical clinical application to aid healing in severe muscle contusion injury, and their use in the treatment of muscle injuries warrants further research.

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Effects of glucocorticoids on motor units in cat hindlimb muscles

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Hyperadrenocorticism in Cats

Hyperadrenocorticism in Cats

Congenital Myotonia in 2 Domestic Cats

The Effect of Anabolic Steroids and Corticosteroids on Healing of Muscle Contusion Injury

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