Effects of Glucosyl Hesperidin on Serum Lipids in Hyperlipidemic Subjects: Preferential Reduction in Elevated Serum Triglyceride Level

Abstract

SummaryAlthough hesperidin lowers serum total cholesterol (TC) or triglyceride (TG) in animal models, its effect in humans remains unclear. Using a soluble hesperidin derivative, glucosyl hesperidin (G-hesperidin), as a hesperidin source, we examined the efficacy on hyperlipidemic subjects. G-Hesperidin was administered to the subjects at 100 or 500mg/d for 6wk. The percentage of subjects who had a change in serum cholesterol levels was less than 20%. However, 45-55% of the total subjects showed a reduction in serum TG level. The subjects were classified into normal (TC<230mg/dL, TG<150mg/dL), high-TC (TC>230mg/dL, TG<150mg/dL) and high-TG (TG>150mg/dL) types. While serum cho lesterol levels scarcely changed in any phenotype, TG level was significantly reduced by administration in the high-TG type. In this phenotype, serum apolipoprotein (apo) C-II and E levels decreased by the administration, but non-apo B. G-Hesperidin also raised low-den sity lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterollapo B in the high-TG type. These results indicate that G hesperidin preferentially lowers serum TG in hypertriglyceridemic subjects and that this effect is possibly caused by the facilitation of catabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins and may contribute to the reduction of small dense LDL.

Glucosyl Hesperidin Lowers Serum Triglyceride Level in Hypertriglyceridemic Subjects through the Improvement of Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Metabolic Abnormality

“…3). This result agreed well with that obtained by the 6-wk administra tion test of G-hesperidin, which was conducted in our previous study (10). From these observations, there fore, it was reconfirmed that G-hesperidin is effective in cases of elevated serum TG level.…”

“…It has been demon strated that an elevated serum TG level is closely associ ated with the development of coronary artery disease and this association is attributed to the formation of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which has a smaller particle size than normal LDL (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). We have also observed that G-hesperidin administration may contribute to the suppression of small dense LDL formation as well as the decrease of serum TG level (10), suggesting a possibility that this flavonoid deriva tive exhibits a preventive effect against atherosclerosis progression.…”

“…Such a TG-lowering effect has been also observed in humans; it has been confirmed that 6-wk administration of G-hesperidin preferentially lowers serum TG level in hypertriglyceridemic subjects and that this effect is dependent on the dose level and term of G-hesperidin administration (10). It has been demon strated that an elevated serum TG level is closely associ ated with the development of coronary artery disease and this association is attributed to the formation of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which has a smaller particle size than normal LDL (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

“…Our previous study has shown that G-hesperidin preferentially lowers serum TG level in hypertriglyceri demic subjects and may contribute to the suppression of small dense LDL formation (10). In the present study, to gain a better understanding of these effects by G-hes peridin and their mechanisms, we examined whether 24-wk administration of G-hesperidin affects serrrrum lipid parameters in subjects whose serum TG level is more than 110mg/dL.…”

Extracts of <i>citrus Sudachi</i> peel attenuate body weight gain in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet

“…Hesperidin is a flavone abundantly found in citrus fruit peel. Glucosyl hesperidin has been shown to reduce serum TG in several animal models (5,6) and in subjects with hypertirglyceridemia (7,8). Glucosyl hesperidin plus caffeine is effective for controlling obesity mediated by the inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis (9).…”