Effects of glutamine on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation in TPN-rats with endotoxemia

Ding, Lian-An; Li, Jie-Show

doi:10.3748/wjg.v9.i6.1327

Cited by 51 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Glutamine may protect against PN-related hepatic dysfunction by improving gut immunity, attenuating PN-associated gut hypoplasia, preventing PN-related depletion of gut-derived immunoglobulin, and reducing septic complications [59,60]. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 22 patients, Duggan et al [61] showed no difference on the duration in PN or peak conjugated bilirubin concentration in infants younger than 12 months who were supplemented with enteral glutamine compared with those who were not.…”

Section: Does Supplementation Of Standard Pn Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis: an American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee systematic review

Rangel¹,

Calkins

Cowles

et al. 2012

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

126

114

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Section: Does Supplementation Of Standard Pn Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis: an American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee systematic review

Rangel¹,

Calkins

Cowles

et al. 2012

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

126

114

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“…Intestinal permeability in rats was assessed after 8h fast except that the animals received intragastric administration of 2ml of a solution containing lactulose (L) 66mg/kg and mannitol (M) 50mg/kg [10]. Rats were housed individually in metabolic cages.…”

Section: Intestinal Permeability Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Yuan

Gong

Zhou

et al. 2006

IJMS

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Endotoxemia is a common event in alcoholic liver disease. Elevated intestinal permeability is the major factor involved in the mechanism of alcoholic endotoxemia and the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. This study examined the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on alcohol-induced gut leakiness, and explored the related mechanisms involved in its protection against alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. Four groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Alcohol and alcohol/EGCG groups rats received fish oil along with alcohol daily via gastrogavage for 6 weeks, and dextrose and dextrose/EGCG groups rats were given fish oil along with isocaloric dextrose instead of alcohol. The dextrose/EGCG and alcohol/EGCG groups received additional treatment of EGCG (100mg.kg -1 body weight) daily intragastrically by gavage. Intestinal permeability was assessed by urinary excretion of lactulose and mannitol (L/M ratio). Liver injury was evaluated histologically and by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Plasma endotoxin and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were assayed; liver malondialdehyde (MDA) contents determined. CD14 and inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNAs in the liver were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Rats given fish oil plus alcohol had gut leakiness (L/M ratio was increased), which was associated with both endotoxemia and liver injury. The above responses were accompanied by increased CD14, TNF-α, COX-2 and iNOS mRNA expressions in the liver. EGCG supplementation partly blocked the gut leakiness, reduced endotoxemia and lipid peroxidation, and blunted the elevated expressions of CD14, TNF-α, COX-2 and iNOS, all of which were associated with improved liver injury. These results show that EGCG can

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“…Enteral administration of the conditionally essential amino acid glutamine has been shown to improve intestinal barrier function in experimental models of conditions as diverse as radiation-induced enteritis, intestinal transplantation, acute liver injury, endotoxaemia, peritonitis, thermal injury and colitis [10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in Experimental Biliary Obstruction

White¹,

Hoper²,

Parks³

et al. 2005

Eur Surg Res

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Objective: To determine the effects of enteral administration of glutamine on intestinal barrier function in experimental biliary obstruction. Background: Extrahepatic biliary obstruction is associated with the failure of intestinal barrier function, allowing bacteria and other substances from the intestine to enter the circulation and initiate a systemic inflammatory response, causing impairment of multiple organs. The amino acid glutamine has been shown to improve intestinal barrier function in other conditions, but its effects in biliary obstruction have not been fully examined. Methods: This study examined the effects of enteral administration of glutamine on intestinal permeability and on bacterial translocation from the intestine in a rodent model of biliary obstruction. Results: Glutamine was shown to reduce intestinal permeability measured as percentage excretion of ¹⁴C 7 days after biliary obstruction (0.35 ± 0.03 vs. 0.56 ± 0.085% in controls, p = 0.028), and glutamine administration was also associated with a decreased incidence of bacterial translocation to extra-intestinal sites (p = 0.03). Radiolabelled bacterial studies also demonstrated reduced translocation of bacterial fragments to extra-intestinal sites in glutamine-treated animals (p = 0.01). There was also some evidence of decreased exposure to endotoxin, reduced systemic inflammation and increased bacterial killing by the immune system in glutamine-treated animals. Conclusions: Glutamine modulates intestinal permeability and reduces bacterial translocation in an animal model of experimental biliary obstruction and may increase bacterial killing by the immune system.

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Effects of glutamine on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation in TPN-rats with endotoxemia

Abstract: Prophylactic treatment with glutamine could minimize the increments of intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation caused by trauma and endotoxemia in rats treated with TPN.

Cited by 51 publications

References 41 publications

Parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis: an American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee systematic review

Parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis: an American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee systematic review

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Glutamine Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in Experimental Biliary Obstruction

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