Effects of groove-textured surfaces filled with Sn-Ag-Cu and MXene-Ti3C2 composite lubricants on tribological properties of CSS-42L bearing steel

Abstract

To improve the tribological performance of CSS-42L bearing steel, smooth surfaces (SSs), groove-textured surfaces (GSs), GSs with Sn-Ag-Cu (GSs-SAC), and GSs with Sn-Ag-Cu-Ti3C2 (GSs-SACT) were prepared on CSS-42L. In addition, experimental studies were conducted on tribological properties. The obtained results indicated that GSs-SACT exhibited the best anti-friction and noise reduction performances. These remarkable tribological performances were attributed to the synergistic effects of grooves, Sn-Ag-Cu, and MXene-Ti3C2. The inconsistent rules of frictional forces were improved by the grooves and SACT, which inhibit the friction-induced noise. The micro-nano size-effects of MXene-Ti3C2 enhanced the repairing effect and anti-friction property of composite lubricants, which improved the profile characteristics of GSs-SACT.

Tribological properties and lubrication state transitions of textured CSS-42L bushing filled with Sn-Ag-Cu-Ti3C2 of oil-film bearing

“…As shown in Figure 13(a), the fractal dimensions on the worn surfaces are obtained by the root mean square method, 18 and the slope α is calculated by the linear regression. As shown in Figure 13(b), the fractal dimensions of samples are obtained based on the mathematical relationship ( D = 2- α ) between slope α and dimension D , and the fractal dimension represents the complexity of profile microstructure.…”

“…As shown in Figure 15(d), there is an exponential relationship between fractal dimension D and surface roughness Ra. 18 The fitting degree of nonlinear curve (R-Square) is larger than 0.98, indicating that the fitting results with high accuracy are reliable. The profiles on TSs-SACT(5%)-600 could be accurately characterized by the fractal dimension D. Under oil lubrication, the complexity of profile microstructures is increased by Sn-Ag-Cu-Ti 3 C 2 , which makes TSs-SACT(5%)-600 keep good antifriction performance during lubrication state transitions.…”

“…The synergistic effects of grooves and solid lubricants can reduce the vibrations better than the grooves at high frequencies (2000-5000 Hz), and TSs-SACT(5%)-600 has the most obvious reduction effects on vibrations at high frequencies. Under oil lubrication, the larger fluctuations of friction forces are reduced to the smaller fluctuations by "Wave damping effect" of grooves on the surfaces, 18 which can enhance the stability of tribology system and suppress the friction-induced vibrations. Moreover, the surface continuity is broken by the grooves, and the impacts between the counterpart ring and groove edges reduce the vibration reduction performance of grooves during friction process.…”

“…As shown in Figure 13(a), the fractal dimensions on the worn surfaces are obtained by the root mean square method, 18 and the slope α is calculated by the linear As shown in Figure 15, the friction coefficient μ, roughness Ra and fractal dimension D are closely related. The larger the fractal dimensions are, the more complex the profile microstructures are.…”

“…The wear resistance of lubricants could be enhanced by MXene-Ti 3 C 2 , and Sn-Ag-Cu-Ti 3 C 2 could generate a variety of oxides and intermetallic compounds with good tribological properties through the tribochemical reactions at the friction interface. 18 The experimental studies on the tribological enhancements of MXene-Ti 3 C 2 under oil lubrication were carried out by Y.W. Xue et al ., 19 and the results showed that the synergistic effects of Sn-Ag-Cu-Ti 3 C 2 and grooves suppressed the friction-induced vibrations and reduced the friction coefficients.…”