Effects of ground flaxseed in swine diets on pig performance and on physical and sensory characteristics and omega-3 fatty acid content of pork: II. Duration of 15% dietary flaxseed

Romans, John R.; Wulf, D. M.; Johnson, R.C.; Libal, George W.; Costello, W. J.

doi:10.2527/1995.7371987x

Cited by 104 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Liver A high LA intake increased the content of LA and n-6 LC-PUFA such as ARA in liver lipid. This agrees well with other studies in pigs (Romans et al, 1995;Schellingerhout, 2002). Increasing the ALA intake by 1.3 g/kg BW 0.75 per day increased the EPA content in liver lipid from less than 1% to 8%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Linoleic and α-linolenic acid as precursor and inhibitor for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver and brain of growing pigs

Smink

Gerrits

Gloaguen

et al. 2012

Animal

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Studies suggested that in human adults, linoleic acid (LA) inhibits the biosynthesis of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), but their effects in growing subjects are largely unknown. We used growing pigs as a model to investigate whether high LA intake affects the conversion of n-3 LC-PUFA by determining fatty acid composition and mRNA levels of D5-and D6 desaturase and elongase 2 and -5 in liver and brain. In a 2 3 2 factorial arrangement, 32 gilts from eight litters were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments, varying in LA and a-linolenic acid (ALA) intakes. Low ALA and LA intakes were 0.15 and 1.31, and high ALA and LA intakes were 1.48 and 2.65 g/kg BW 0.75 per day, respectively. LA intake increased arachidonic acid (ARA) in liver. ALA intake increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations, but decreased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (all P , 0.01) in liver. Competition between the n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways was evidenced by reductions of ARA (.40%) at high ALA intakes. Concentration of EPA (.35%) and DHA (.20%) was decreased by high LA intake (all P , 0.001). Liver mRNA levels of D5-and D6 desaturase were increased by LA, and that of elongase 2 by both ALA and LA intakes. In contrast, brain DHA was virtually unaffected by dietary LA and ALA. Generally, dietary LA inhibited the biosynthesis of n-3 LC-PUFA in liver. ALA strongly affects the conversion of both hepatic n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA. DHA levels in brain were irresponsive to these diets. Apart from D6 desaturase, elongase 2 may be a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of DHA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Linoleic and α-linolenic acid as precursor and inhibitor for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver and brain of growing pigs

Smink

Gerrits

Gloaguen

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…Além dessas características, os grãos de linhaça, de canola e de girassol possuem característica importante por proporcionar em suas composições teores de proteína, fibra e gordura, que contribuem para o ajuste dos nutrientes (Romans et al, 1995), além da excelente composição de ácidos graxos para atender às exigências nutricionais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Nos cereais e grãos de oleaginosas, há predominância de ácido linoleico (18:2 n-6), enquanto em forragens o ácido graxo mais comum é α-linolênico (18:3 n-3). Algumas exceções importantes incluem o óleo de canola, com alto teor de oléico (18:1 n-9) e o óleo de linhaça (alto teor de 18:3 n-3).Além dessas características, os grãos de linhaça, de canola e de girassol possuem característica importante por proporcionar em suas composições teores de proteína, fibra e gordura, que contribuem para o ajuste dos nutrientes (Romans et al, 1995), além da excelente composição de ácidos graxos para atender às exigências nutricionais.Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar as características quantitativas da carcaça, os rendimentos dos cortes, a proporção dos tecidos, a composição química, o colesterol e o perfil de ácidos graxos do músculo Longissimus dorsi de cabritos ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen alimentados com rações contendo grãos de linhaça, girassol ou canola. …”

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Características quantitativas da carcaça e qualitativas do músculo Longissimus dorsi de cabritos ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen confinados recebendo rações contendo grãos de oleaginosas

et al. 2009

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RESUMO -Foram avaliadas as características quantitativas da carcaça, os rendimentos dos cortes, a proporção dos tecidos, a composição química, o colesterol e o perfil de ácidos graxos do músculo Longissimus dorsi de cabritos ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen, alimentados com rações contendo grãos de linhaça, girassol ou canola. Foram utilizados 24 cabritos machos não-castrados com peso inicial de 22,7 kg e 90 dias de idade, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e abatidos com 30,9 kg de peso vivo médio e 61 dias de confinamento. As rações foram constituídas de: feno de aveia, farelo de soja, milho moído e suplemento mineral (tratamento controle, n=6) e adicionadas de grãos de linhaça (n=7), girassol (n=5) ou canola (n=6). O consumo de grãos de oleaginosas não influenciou o peso de carcaça quente, no entanto, o peso de carcaça fria foi maior nos animais alimentados com a ração controle, que apresentaram também menor perda por resfriamento. O rendimento verdadeiro e o rendimento comercial de carcaça não foram influenciados pelas rações. O rendimento dos cortes comerciais lombo e costela descoberta diferiram entre os animais alimentados com as rações contendo oleaginosas. Não houve diferença para as porcentagens de músculo, gordura e osso nem para a razão músculo:osso. A adição de grãos de canola resultou em maior teor de lipídeos no músculo Longissimus dorsi, mas não alterou o teor de colesterol. Os animais alimentados com as rações contendo grãos de canola e linhaça apresentaram menor razão ômega-6:ômega-3. Os benefícios dos grãos de oleaginosas sobre as características quantitativas da carcaça ou qualitativas do músculo em cabritos não justificam sua utilização nas rações.Palavras-chave: ácidos graxos, lipídios, qualidade da carne, rendimento de carcaça Quantitative characteristics of the carcass and qualitative of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen goats under feedlot system fed rations with oilseeds ABSTRACT -The quantitative characteristics of the carcass, yield of cuts, tissue proportion, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen goats fed rations with linseed, sunflower and canola seeds were evaluated. Twenty-four not castrated male goats initially averaging 22.7 kg and 90 days were allotted to a completely randomized design and slaughtered at 30.9 kg of body weight and 61 days of feedlot. The rations were composed of oats hay, soybean meal, ground corn and mineral supplement with the following treatments: control treatment (n=6) and in the others treatments, linseed (n=7), sunflower (n=5) and canola (n=6) seeds were added. The intake of oilseeds grains did not affect hot carcass weight; however, the cold carcass weight was greater in animals fed control diet, which also had lower weight loss by cooling. The carcass yield was not influenced by diet. The yield of loin and discovered rib commercial cuts differs among animals fed diets with oilseeds. No treatment effect on the muscle, fat and bone percentages, as well as on the muscle:bone r...

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“…Chicken and pork from broilers and pigs fed the linseed oil diet had the highest content of n-3 PUFA and lowest n-6/n-3 ratio, which is confi rmed in our study. In another study, Romans et al (1995) [38] investigated different durations (7, 14, 21 and 28 days before slaughter) of a pig diet containing 15% linseed. The ALA content of backfat signifi cantly increased, in correlation with time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sunflower, Linseed and Soybean Meal in Pig Diet on Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile of Meat and Backfat, and Its Oxidative Stability

Đorđević

Baltic

et al. 2016

Acta Veterinaria

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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of added sunfl ower, linseed or soybean meal to a standard pig fattening diet on the chemical composition, fatty acid profi les of meat and backfat, and on the oxidative stability of backfat from pigs. The content of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was signifi cantly lower (P<0.01), while content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was signifi cantly higher (P<0.01) in the diet with added linseed. The feeding study was conducted on 30 pigs, with groups of 10 pigs fed one of the three different diets for 46 days before slaughter. There were no differences in the chemical composition (protein, water, fat, minerals) of meat from pigs fed the different diets. The content of SFA and MUFA was signifi cantly higher, while the average PUFA content was signifi cantly lower (P<0.01) in meat and backfat of pigs fed diet with added linseed. The content of n-6 fatty acids was signifi cantly lower and n-3 fatty acids signifi cantly higher, with more desirable n-6/ n-3 ratio, in meat and backfat of pigs fed diet with added linseed. Malondialdehyde in the backfat of pigs fed diet with added linseed was signifi cantly lower than that in the other two diet groups after the tissue was stored frozen at -20°C for 3, 6, 9 and 12 months.

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Effects of ground flaxseed in swine diets on pig performance and on physical and sensory characteristics and omega-3 fatty acid content of pork: II. Duration of 15% dietary flaxseed

Cited by 104 publications

References 8 publications

Linoleic and α-linolenic acid as precursor and inhibitor for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver and brain of growing pigs

Linoleic and α-linolenic acid as precursor and inhibitor for the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver and brain of growing pigs

Características quantitativas da carcaça e qualitativas do músculo Longissimus dorsi de cabritos ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen confinados recebendo rações contendo grãos de oleaginosas

Effect of Sunflower, Linseed and Soybean Meal in Pig Diet on Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile of Meat and Backfat, and Its Oxidative Stability

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