Effects of gut microbiota–derived extracellular vesicles on obesity and diabetes and their potential modulation through diet

Díez-Sainz, Ester; Milagro, Fermı́n I.; Riezu‐Boj, José I.; Lorente‐Cebrián, Silvia

doi:10.1007/s13105-021-00837-6

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Lv et al 10.3389/fcimb.2022.957439 In recent years, the geographic deviation among different subspecies has been described in several gut bacteria such as Prevotella copri (Tett et al, 2019) and Eubacterium rectale (Karcher et al, 2020). These findings suggested that not only the geographical factor but also other unknown factors (e.g., diet difference between populations (Cheng et al, 2021;Dıéz-Sainz et al, 2022), or movement of individuals) are probably the forces for speciation of the gut bacteria. Similarly, except for Amuc III, Amuc I, II, and IV were observed in the gut microbiota of American children in the study of Kirmiz et al (2020).…”

Section: Global Distribution Of Akkermansia Phylogroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thousand metagenome-assembled genomes of Akkermansia reveal phylogroups and geographical and functional variations in the human gut

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Akkermansia muciniphila has long been considered to be the only Akkermansia species in the human gut and has been extensively studied. The present study revealed the genomic architecture of Akkermansia in the human gut by analyzing 1,126 near-complete metagenome-assembled genomes, 84 publicly available genomes, and 1 newly sequenced Akkermansia glycaniphila strain from the human gut. We found that 1) the genomes of Akkermansia were clustered into four phylogroups with distinct interspecies similarity and different genomic characteristics and 2) A. glycaniphila GP37, a strain of Akkermansia, was isolated from the human gut, whereas previously, it had only been found in python. Amuc III was present in the Chinese population, and Amuc IV was mainly distributed in Western populations. A large number of gene functions, pathways, and carbohydrate-active enzymes were specifically associated with phylogroups. Our findings based on over a thousand genomes strengthened our previous knowledge and provided new insights into the population structure and ecology of Akkermansia in the human gut.

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Section: Global Distribution Of Akkermansia Phylogroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thousand metagenome-assembled genomes of Akkermansia reveal phylogroups and geographical and functional variations in the human gut

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Previous studies suggested that gut microbiota was associated with body weight ( Cuevas-Sierra et al., 2019 ), and obesity might be a risk factor for CCA progression and postoperative recurrence ( Merath et al., 2019 ; Zhou et al., 2020 ; Yugawa et al., 2021 ). There was evidence concerning the potential role of gut microbiota and probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on obesity via the modulation of inflammation, metabolism, and gut permeability ( Díez-Sainz et al., 2021 ). Although the clinical variables for CCA development were not included in our model, it was striking that genera Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia were positively correlated with BMI, and biomarker genera had a higher abundance in individuals with BMI ≥23.01.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Model Based on the Gut Microbiota Improves the Diagnostic Effect in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma

Zhang

Jin

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant hepatic tumor with a poor prognosis, which needs early diagnosis urgently. The gut microbiota has been shown to play a crucial role in the progression of liver cancer. Here, we explored a gut microbiota model covering genera Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus_1 (B-F-R) for CCA early diagnosis. A case-control study was conducted to enroll 53 CCA patients, 47 cholelithiasis patients, and 40 healthy controls. The feces samples and clinical information of participants were collected in the same period. The gut microbiota and its diversity of individuals were accessed with 16S rDNA sequencing, and the gut microbiota profile was evaluated according to microbiota diversity. Finally, four enriched genera in the CCA group (genera Bacteroides, Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Muribaculum, and Alistipes) and eight enriched genera in the cholelithiasis group (genera Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Agathobacter, Ruminococcus_gnavus_group, Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Collinsella, Escherichia-Shigella) constitute an overall different microbial community composition (P = 0.001). The B-F-R genera model with better diagnostic value than carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) was identified by random forest and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP) to distinguish CCA patients from healthy controls [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.973, 95% CI = 0.932–1.0]. Moreover, the correlative analysis found that genera Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). The significantly different microbiomes between cholelithiasis and CCA were found via principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), and Venn diagram and LEfSe were utilized to identify four genera by comparing microbial compositions among patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ-Y) or not (MOJ-N). In brief, our findings suggest that gut microbiota vary from benign and malignant hepatobiliary diseases to healthy people and provide evidence supporting gut microbiota to be a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis of CCA.

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“…In addition, it was found that gut microbiota participates in drug metabolism by producing specific enzymes, such as reductase and hydrolytic enzymes, thus affecting the efficacy, toxicity, and bioavailability of drugs. Various antibiotics also alter the diversity and composition of gut microbiota which leads to dysbiosis, and it was found to be linked with progression of various neurodegenerative as well as metabolic disorders [ 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Diabetes and The Gut Microbiota: Dietary Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring New Drug Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Success, Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2022

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There are substantial shortcomings in the drugs currently available for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The global diabetic crisis has not abated despite the introduction of new types of drugs and targets. Persistent unaddressed patient needs remain a significant factor in the quest for new leads in routine studies. Drug discovery methods in this area have followed developments in the market, contributing to a recent rise in the number of molecules. Nevertheless, troubling developments and fresh challenges are still evident. Recently, metformin, the most widely used first-line drug for diabetes, was found to contain a carcinogenic contaminant known as N-nitroso dimethylamine (NDMA). Therefore, purity and toxicity are also a big challenge for drug discovery and development. Moreover, newer drug classes against SGLT-2 illustrate both progress and difficulties. The same was true previously in the case of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Furthermore, researchers must study the importance of mechanistic characteristics of novel compounds, as well as exposure-related hazardous aspects of current and newly identified protein targets, in order to identify new pharmacological molecules with improved selectivity and specificity.

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Effects of gut microbiota–derived extracellular vesicles on obesity and diabetes and their potential modulation through diet

Cited by 55 publications

References 136 publications

A thousand metagenome-assembled genomes of Akkermansia reveal phylogroups and geographical and functional variations in the human gut

A thousand metagenome-assembled genomes of Akkermansia reveal phylogroups and geographical and functional variations in the human gut

A Predictive Model Based on the Gut Microbiota Improves the Diagnostic Effect in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma

Exploring New Drug Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Success, Challenges and Opportunities

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