Effects of halothane sensitivity on mobility status and blood metabolites of HAL-1843-normal pigs after rigorous handling1,2

Allison, C.P; Marr, A. L.; Berry, Nick; Anderson, D. B.; Ivers, D. J.; Richardson, L. F.; Keffaber, K. K.; Johnson, R.C.; Doumit, M. E.

doi:10.2527/2006.8441015x

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…By 2006 the number of dead and non-ambulatory pigs that carried the RYR1 mutation was about 5% [3]; thus, the mutation was still present at a low frequency at that time [3]. However, a high proportion of RYR1 normal pigs show a sensitivity to halothane anesthesia [5] and are more prone to becoming non-ambulatory after handling [6]. Pigs that are more sensitive to halothane exposure may also have inferior pork quality [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A defect in dystrophin causes a novel porcine stress syndrome

et al. 2012

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BackgroundLosses of slaughter-weight pigs due to transport stress are both welfare and economic concerns to pork producers. Historically, the HAL-1843 mutation in ryanodine receptor 1 was considered responsible for most of the losses; however, DNA testing has effectively eliminated this mutation from commercial herds. We identified two sibling barrows in the USMARC swine herd that died from apparent symptoms of a stress syndrome after transport at 12 weeks of age. The symptoms included open-mouth breathing, skin discoloration, vocalization and loss of mobility.ResultsWe repeated the original mating along with sire-daughter matings to produce additional offspring. At 8 weeks of age, heart rate and electrocardiographs (ECG) were monitored during isoflurane anesthesia challenge (3% for 3 min). Four males from the original sire-dam mating and two males from a sire-daughter mating died after one minute of anesthesia. Animals from additional litters were identified as having a stress response, sometimes resulting in death, during regular processing and weighing. Affected animals had elevated plasma creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels before and immediately after isoflurane challenge and cardiac arrhythmias. A pedigree containing 250 pigs, including 49 affected animals, was genotyped with the Illumina PorcineSNP60 Beadchip and only one chromosomal region, SSCX at 25.1-27.7 Mb over the dystrophin gene (DMD), was significantly associated with the syndrome. An arginine to tryptophan (R1958W) polymorphism in exon 41 of DMD was the most significant marker associated with stress susceptibility. Immunoblots of affected heart and skeletal muscle showed a dramatic reduction of dystrophin protein and histopathology of affected hearts indicated muscle fiber degeneration.ConclusionsA novel stress syndrome was characterized in pigs and the causative genetic factor most likely resides within DMD that results in less dystrophin protein and cardiac abnormalities that can lead to death under stressful conditions. The identification of predictive markers will allow us to determine the prevalence of this disease in commercial swine populations. This defect also provides a unique biomedical model for human cardiomyopathy associated with muscular dystrophy that may be superior to those available because of the similarities in anatomy and physiology and allow advances in gene therapies for human disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A defect in dystrophin causes a novel porcine stress syndrome

et al. 2012

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“…The lactate levels from females and males which were transported over a short duration were high and similar (P >0.05) but were significantly different over the longer duration (P <0.05), with the females having lower levels (P >0.05). Lactate production occurs when the body switches from the aerobic to anaerobic respiration (Allison et al, 2006). This will most often occur after strenuous exercise as pigs are loaded into the truck and also when they fight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The novel use of “point of care” devices to evaluate transport duration on selected pork quality parameters

Seshoka¹,

Kanengoni²,

Siebrits³

et al. 2014

SA J. An. Sci.

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Point-of-care (POC) devices were used to measure plasma metabolic substrates in pigs subjected to stressful conditions. These were then related to the meat pH, drip loss and carcass temperature. Forty Large White x Landrace pigs (20 females and 20 males) weighing approximately 67 ± 6.5 kg were used in the study. Twenty of the pigs were subjected to a stressful regimen for two hours and the other 20 pigs were transported for 15 minutes from their pens directly to the abattoir. Salivary cortisol, plasma glucose, triglycerides and lactate concentrations were determined before and after transportation to the abattoir and carcass temperature, pH and drip loss were measured after slaughter. There were no differences in the lactate, cortisol, pH and triglycerides measurements from the pigs of different sexes. Female pigs had higher carcass temperature and lower glucose levels than male pigs. Regression analysis showed that back fat and lactate accounted for 99% of variation in the pH 24h of pigs transported over a short duration while lactate was responsible for only 16% of the variation in pigs transported over the long duration. The difference in lactate accounted for 78% of variation in the carcass temperature at 45 minutes for pigs transported over the short duration while in the long duration group, the weight was responsible for 81% of the variation. In conclusion, POC devices measured differences in lactate concentrations in pigs transported over different durations and relationships between the lactate and the carcass pH, carcass temperature and drip loss was determined.

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“…Eight pigs from treatments 2, 3 and 4 were randomly selected and briskly moved through a 36.6-m-long aisle that was 2.1 m wide at each end for 9.15 m and 0.6 m wide in the middle for 18.3 m. All the selected pigs from each treatment were forced to move down and back four times with each pig receiving one electric prod per pass (eight prods per pig). The animal-handling model was described by Allison et al (2004).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Animals And Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pre‐slaughter stressor and feeding preventative Chinese medicinal herbs on glycolysis and oxidative stability in pigs

Bai¹,

Xue²,

Xie³

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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A total of 64 5-month-old Pietrain pigs were randomly allocated to four treatments with four replicates per treatment according to body weight. The pigs were fed either a standard corn-soybean meal based control diet (treatments 1 and 2), the standard diet with 1% Lycium barbarum (LB) (treatment 3), or the standard diet with 1% Polygala tenuifolia Willd (PT) (treatment 4). Serum lactic acid and glucose concentrations were increased in stressed pigs (P < 0.05). Addition of the herbs in the diet had no effect on the serum lactic acid concentration, but 1% LB decreased (P < 0.05) serum glucose concentration in the stressed pigs. Pre-slaughter stress also decreased (P < 0.01) liver glycogen concentration and the decrease could be inhibited by addition of 1% LB in the diet (P > 0.05). Pre-slaughter stress increased the concentration of maleic dialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum, while dietary 1% LB increased (P < 0.05) the activity of GSH-Px and decreased the concentration of MDA in the serum. In conclusion, pre-slaughter stress induces oxidative stress in pigs and dietary supplementation with 1% LB improves antioxidant capacity in stressed pigs before slaughtering.

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Effects of halothane sensitivity on mobility status and blood metabolites of HAL-1843-normal pigs after rigorous handling1,2

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

A defect in dystrophin causes a novel porcine stress syndrome

A defect in dystrophin causes a novel porcine stress syndrome

The novel use of “point of care” devices to evaluate transport duration on selected pork quality parameters

Effects of pre‐slaughter stressor and feeding preventative Chinese medicinal herbs on glycolysis and oxidative stability in pigs

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