Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure, residual stress, and mechanical properties of Co–Cr alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

Ko, Kyung‐Ho; Kang, Hyeon-Goo; Huh, Yoon‐Hyuk; Park, Chan‐Jin; Cho, Lee‐Ra

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105051

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Kyung-Ho Ko et al have evaluated the mechanical properties of Co -Cr metal alloy specimens made by casting, milling and selective laser melting. They also heated the specimens up to 750 °C, 950 °C and 1150 °C and compared again their mechanical properties according to the different temperatures [6]. The results obtained in the present study are based on similar production methods and similar temperature changes -980 °C and 1150 °C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Al Jalbari confirms that the hardness of Co -Cr metal alloys depend on the production technology used [4]. According to other researchers, the microhardness depends on the heat treatment temperature [6,9]. Kyung-Ho Ko et al have evaluated the mechanical properties of Co -Cr metal alloy specimens made by casting, milling and selective laser melting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For this reason, some authors evaluated and compared the changes in the mechanical properties for the used metal alloy. The Co -Cr -Mo alloy`s mechanical properties can change depending on the heat treatment temperature [6]. The additional porcelain firing affects the accuracy as well, according to Hamdat's study [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hardness comparison between Co – Cr metal alloy specimens made by different methods

Galeva

Uzunov

Stoev

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The aim of this study is to compare the hardness of Co–Cr metal alloy specimens made by different methods and how it is influenced by multiple temperature changes. Fifty-four samples are made by three different methods and are accordingly divided in three groups – group M (Milling), group LP (Laser Printing) and group LW (Lost Wax), with 18 samples each. All of them contain three subgroups with six samples – metal samples with no thermal cycles (subgroup 1), metal samples with one thermal cycle (subgroup 2) and metal samples with two thermal cycles (subgroup 3). Their Vickers hardness is evaluated by a weight of 1 kg applied for 20 s. The results are presented in tables. The average hardness is the highest for group LP – 509, followed by group M – 440, and for group LW it is 401. For the subgroups, the best results are exhibited by the samples of subgroup 2 – 430, followed by subgroup 3 – 457, and subgroup 1 – 450.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Hardness comparison between Co – Cr metal alloy specimens made by different methods

Galeva

Uzunov

Stoev

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…The L-PBF samples generally have high residual stress because the forming process has the characteristics of a large temperature gradient and rapid cooling rate [36,37]. The residual stress provides the surface hardness of the specimen to a certain extent [38]. The CHESS scanning strategy can reduce the heat accumulation and the temperature gradient, which explains why the surface hardness of the L-PBF samples was generally low under the CHESS scanning strategy, as shown in Figure 8a,c.…”

Section: Surface Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Scanning Strategies and Optimization Experiments for Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloys

Shi¹,

Li²,

Jing³

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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This paper studies the effects of different combinations of scanning strategies between layers on the surface quality, tensile properties, and microstructure of samples in a laser beam powder bed fusion (L-PBF) formation experiment of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The purpose of this experiment was to improve the comprehensive performance of the piece by selecting the optimal combination of scanning strategies. The results show that the surface roughness of the L-PBF specimen was the lowest under the combination of the CHESS scanning strategy, reaching 14 μm. The surface hardness of the samples was generally higher with the LINE scanning strategy and the angle offset of 90°, reaching 409 HV. The overall density of the samples was higher under the combination of CHESS scanning strategies, reaching 99.88%. Among them, the CHESS&45° sample had the best comprehensive properties, with a density of 99.85%, a tensile strength of up to 1125 MPa, a yield strength of 912 MPa, and an elongation of 8.2%. The fractured form was a ductile fracture, with many dimple structures. Compared with the CHESS scanning strategy, the tensile properties of the CHESS&45° samples were improved by 12.8%. The microstructure of the L-PBF sample was mainly composed of the primary β phase and α’ martensite phase. The upper surface of the CHESS scanning strategy combination sample had a clear melt channel, and the distribution of each phase was uniform. A certain number of columnar β crystals were distributed in the longitudinal section of the sample, which was paralleled to the build direction. The columnar β crystals of CHESS&45° were relatively coarse, which enhanced the tensile properties of the sample.

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“…The layer-by-layer laser fashion process of metals in the SLM process offers great manufacturing flexibility, from in-situ alloys to complex products [4,5]. In addition, it is ideal for manufacturing customized metallic products of interest to biomedical implant manufacturers [6,7]. However, due to the layer-by-layer formation and different laser parameters, the metallurgical properties of the products vary greatly [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Build Orientation and Energy Density on Density and Mechanical Properties of Selectively Laser Melted Co-Cr-W-Si

Pal¹,

Drstvenšek²

2022

Acta Mechanica Slov.

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The selective laser melting (SLM) process for manufacturing metals continues to be challenging in terms of achieving the maximum metallurgical properties that the process can provide. There are a variety of manufacturing parameters in the process that have individual characteristics, and when combined with other variables, the characteristics can be varied. However, in this study, the two most important manufacturing parameters, namely build direction and laser power, were considered to investigate their effects on density and tensile properties. Previously, the best scanning speed, hatch spacing, and layer thickness were determined, which directly affect the volumetric energy density in the SLM process. In this study, three different orientations and three different laser powers were selected, namely the X, Y, and Z directions and 55 W, 75 W, and 95 W laser power, respectively. Significant differences in product density were observed for the samples fabricated in the different orientations and with the different laser powers. The specimens fabricated in the Z direction always exhibit higher strength and ductility, which are significantly different from the specimens fabricated in the X and Y directions, while the laser power was 75 W and 95 W, respectively.

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Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure, residual stress, and mechanical properties of Co–Cr alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Hardness comparison between Co – Cr metal alloy specimens made by different methods

Hardness comparison between Co – Cr metal alloy specimens made by different methods

Combination of Scanning Strategies and Optimization Experiments for Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloys

Combined Effect of Build Orientation and Energy Density on Density and Mechanical Properties of Selectively Laser Melted Co-Cr-W-Si

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